Limiting amino acids in low protein maize‐soyabean meal diets fed to broiler chicks from 3 to 7 weeks of age

Holsheimer, J.P.; Janssen, Walter

doi:10.1080/00071669108417336

Cited by 41 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Based on the results of a previous experiment (Holsheimer and Janssen, 1991), in which the requirements for limiting amino acids in low protein maize-soyabean meal diets for broilers between 3 and 7 weeks were evaluated, a second experiment was carried out (Schutte et al, 1992). In that experiment it was found that, when low protein maize-soyabean meal diets with sufficient ly:;ine and sulphur-containing amino acids were fed to broiler chicks from 0 to 28 d of age, threonine, arginine and valine were the first, second and third limiting amino acids when the dietary crude protein (CP) content was decreased from 200 to 160 g/kg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of broiler chicks to threonine‐supplemented diets to 4 weeks of age

Holsheimer¹,

Vereijken

Schutte

1994

British Poultry Science

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1. Two experiments were carried out to determine the response of broiler chicks to threonine-supplemented diets between 10 and 28 d and 7 and 21 d of age, respectively. 2. In the first experiment female broiler chicks were fed on 11 experimental diets. Two iso-energetic basal diets (diets 1 and 2) were prepared with 200 and 160 g CP/kg and 7.6 and 6.0 g threonine/kg respectively. Both diets contained 11.5 g lysine and 8.7 g sulphur-containing amino acids/kg. Diet 3 was composed of diet 2, supplemented with all essential and non-essential amino acids (EAA and NEAA, respectively) except threonine, to the concentrations of the amino acids in diet 1. The NEAA were added as a combination of glutamic acid and glycine. Diets 4 to 11 had the same compositions as diet 3, but contained increasing amounts of threonine. 3. For birds fed on diet 2, gain was significantly lower and food/gain ratio was significantly higher than for birds fed on diet 1. Supplementation with EAA, NEAA and threonine to the same concentrations in diet 1 resulted in a performance similar to that found on diet 1. 4. In experiment 2, male and female broiler chicks both received 10 experimental diets. Diet 1 contained 220 g CP/kg and 8.5 g threonine/kg, diet 2 contained 160 g CP/kg from natural raw materials and 6 g threonine/kg. Both diets contained 12.4 g lysine and 9.3 g sulphur-containing amino acids/kg. Basal diet 2 was supplemented with all EAA and NEAA to the concentrations of basal diet 1, except for threonine. Diets 3 to 10 had the same compositions as the supplemented diet 2, but contained increasing amounts of threonine. 5. For male and female chicks on diet 2, gain was significantly lower and food/gain ratio significantly higher than those on diet 1. Diet 10 (160 g CP/kg plus all EAA, including threonine, and NEAA supplemented to the concentrations of diet 1) resulted in the same performance as diet 1. 6. The results indicate that, when low protein maize-soyabean meal diets supplemented with EAA and NEAA with 13.31 MJ ME/kg were fed to male and female broiler chicks until 21 d of age, improvements in gain and food/gain ratio were obtained when the dietary threonine content was increased to 7.25 g/kg. When female chicks were fed threonine-supplemented diets to 28 d of age, improvement in gain and food/gain ratio was obtained when the threonine concentrations were increased to 6.32 g/kg diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of broiler chicks to threonine‐supplemented diets to 4 weeks of age

Holsheimer¹,

Vereijken

Schutte

1994

British Poultry Science

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“…Menores valores para conversão alimentar têm sido observados à medida que os níveis de proteína da dieta são aumentados (Holsheimer & Janssen, 1991;Parr & Summers, 1991;Ziggers, 2002). Stringhini (1998) verificou que os valores de 22 a 24% de proteína na fase pré-inicial proporcionaram melhores desempenhos de frangos de corte, o que sugere maior necessidade de proteína neste período.…”

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Desempenho, balanço e retenção de nutrientes e biometria dos órgãos digestivos de frangos de corte alimentados com diferentes níveis de proteína na ração pré-inicial

Stringhini

Andrade

et al. 2006

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Dois experimentos foram conduzidos para avaliar o desempenho, o balanço e a retenção de MS, EE e PB e os parâmetros biométricos do trato gastrintestinal de frangos de corte recebendo diferentes níveis de proteína na ração pré-inicial (1 a 7 dias). No experimento 1, 560 pintos Avian Farms foram distribuídos em baterias segundo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 x 2 (cinco níveis de proteína, 18, 20, 22, 24 e 26%, e dois sexos), com dez tratamentos, cada um com quatro repetições de 14 aves. No experimento 2, 1.860 pintos machos e fêmeas Ross foram distribuídos em boxes de 2,0 x 2,5 m, em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (níveis de proteína, 18, 20, 22, 24 e 26%), cada um com seis repetições de 62 aves. No experimento 1, os níveis crescentes de PB da dieta não afetaram significativamente os dados de desempenho, mas o balanço e a quantidade retida do EE promoveram efeito linear positivo. O balanço de proteína não foi afetado, mas a retenção de proteína apresentou efeito linear positivo. A biometria dos órgãos não foi significativamente influenciada aos quatro dias. Nos períodos seguintes, os níveis crescentes de proteína afetaram positivamente o peso relativo do pâncreas. No experimento 2, observou-se, com base nos resultados de desempenho, que os mais altos níveis de proteína na ração pré-inicial atenderam às necessidades nutricionais das aves.Palavras-chave: balanço nutricional, desempenho, dietas, órgãos digestivos Performance, nutrient balance and retention and biometrical measures of digestive organs of broilers fed different dietary protein levels in the prestarter period AB STRACT -Two trials were carried out to evaluate performance, balance and retention of EE, DM and CP and biometrical measures of digestive organs of broiler chicks fed different dietary CP levels in the pre-starter period (1 -7 d). In the first experiment, 560 one-day-old Avian Farms chicks were allotted to a complete randomized design with ten treatments, with a 5 x 2 (protein levels: 18, 20, 22, 24, and 26% x sex) factorial arrangement and four replicates of 14 birds each. In the second experiment, 1,860 one-day-old Ross chicks were assigned to 2.0 x 2.5 m experimental pens. This experiment was analyzed as a complete randomized design, with five treatments (protein level -18, 20, 22, 24, and 26%) and six replications of 62 birds each. In the first experiment, increasing dietary CP levels in the pre-starter period did not affect performance, but balance and retention of EE had linear and positive effects according to the treatments. No treatment effect on protein balance was observed, but protein retention showed linear and positive effect. No significant differences were observed for biometrical measures on 4 th fday of experiment, but increasing CP levels improved the pancreas relative weight. In the experiment 2, it was possible to conclude that the higher protein levels are indicated for better results in performance.

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“…Invariably, dietary CP will decrease below advocated concentrations when supplemental EAA are not constrained during least-cost formulation. A reduction in CP does not decrease live weight as much as it adversely affects feed conversion and abdominal fat (Mendonca and Jensen, 1989;Holsheimer and Janssen, 1991;Jensen, 1991;Surisdiarto and Farrell, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Glutamic Acid on Broilers Given Submarginal Crude Protein with Adequate Essential Amino Acids Using Feeds High and Low in Potassium

Moran

Stilborn

1996

Poultry Science

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Broiler males were examined for their response to feeds containing CP 1 to 2% below levels advocated by NRC (1994) and when supplemented with L-glutamic acid. Crude protein and glutamic acid treatments were imposed in starting, growing, and finishing feeds over 7 wk with K at high and low levels likely to occur in practice (0.80 vs 0.65 to 0.55%). All feeds were formulated to be isocaloric (3.20 kcal ME/g) and satisfy NRC (1994) essential amino acid (EAA) minimum requirements.Improved live weight gain occurred during the first 6 wk with supplementation of glutamic acid to the low CP feed but not when intact protein per se was used to increase CP. A similar advantage in growth was

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Limiting amino acids in low protein maize‐soyabean meal diets fed to broiler chicks from 3 to 7 weeks of age

Cited by 41 publications

References 2 publications

Response of broiler chicks to threonine‐supplemented diets to 4 weeks of age

Response of broiler chicks to threonine‐supplemented diets to 4 weeks of age

Desempenho, balanço e retenção de nutrientes e biometria dos órgãos digestivos de frangos de corte alimentados com diferentes níveis de proteína na ração pré-inicial

Effect of Glutamic Acid on Broilers Given Submarginal Crude Protein with Adequate Essential Amino Acids Using Feeds High and Low in Potassium

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