Limonoids from the Seeds of Melia azedarach

Srivastava, S. K.

doi:10.1021/np50043a005

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A closely relative of the neem tree is next to important for limonoids availability, Melia azedarach L. Extracts of the seeds are known to contain several limonoids and show excellent insecticidal activity (Srivastava, 1986; Lee et al, 1991; Charleston et al, 2005) but it has not affected biocontrol insects (i.e., predatory mite species ( Amblyseii spp. ), neem oil was also a feeding deterrent and toxin to Mythimna separata Walker.…”

Section: Biological Activities Of Meliaceae Plants Against Lepidoptermentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and biochemical effect of neem and other Meliaceae plants secondary metabolites against Lepidopteran insects

Senthil-Nathan

2013

Front. Physiol.

212

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This review described the physiological and biochemical effects of various secondary metabolites from Meliaceae against major Lepidopteran insect pest including, Noctuidae and Pyralidae. The biochemical effect of major Meliaceae secondary metabolites were discussed more in this review. Several enzymes based on food materials have critical roles in nutritional indices (food utilization) of the insect pest population. Several research work has been referred and the effect of Meliaceae secondary metabolites on feeding parameters of insects by demonstrating food consumption, approximate digestibility of consumed food, efficiency of converting the ingested food to body substance, efficiency of converting digested food to body substance and consumption index was reviewed in detail. Further how the digestive enzymes including a-Amylases, α and β-glucosidases (EC 3.2.1.1), lipases (EC 3.1.1) Proteases, serine, cysteine, and aspartic proteinases affected by the Meliaceae secondary metabolites was reviewed. Further effect of Meliaceae secondary metabolites on detoxifying enzymes have been found to react against botanical insecticides including general esterases (EST), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and phosphatases was reviewed. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP, E.C.3.1.3.1) and acid phosphatase (ACP, E.C.3.1.3.2) are hydrolytic enzymes, which hydrolyze phosphomonoesters under alkaline or acid conditions, respectively. These enzymes were affected by the secondary metabolites treatment. The detailed mechanism of action was further explained in this review. Acethylcholine esterase (AChE) is a key enzyme that terminates nerve impulses by catalyzing the hydrolysis of neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, in the nervous system of various organisms. How the AChE activity was altered by the Meliaceae secondary metabolites reviewed in detail.

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Section: Biological Activities Of Meliaceae Plants Against Lepidoptermentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and biochemical effect of neem and other Meliaceae plants secondary metabolites against Lepidopteran insects

Senthil-Nathan

2013

Front. Physiol.

212

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“…Considering the high risks and hazards of broad spectrum synthetic insecticides, these natural plant extracts constitute a cheap, valuable, safe and environment friendly alternative compounds in insect pest management. Extracts of the seeds of M. azedarach tree are known to contain several limonoids and show excellent insecticidal activity [32][33][34]; M. azedarach stem bark contains the limonoid toosendanin which is the primary active ingredient of a botanical insecticide lately developed in China [35]. Furthermore, the concentration of MFE need to be studied to determine LD 50 of these extracts against the tomato leafminer eggs and larval instars.…”

Section: Consecutive Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of Indigenous Melia azedarach Extracts against the Tomato Leafminer, Tuta absoluta

hammad¹,

Abbass²,

Abbas³

et al. 2019

JAST-A

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Fruit extracts of indigenous Melia azedarach were tested for their insecticidal bioactivity against the tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta) under laboratory conditions. Tomato plants were exposed to moths, after/before application of treatments. Treatments included: crushed fruit extracts of water (500,000 ppm and 200,000 ppm), methanol and ethyl acetate (200,000 ppm) with and without mineral oil (2%); M. azedarach powder extracts (2,000 ppm) in different solvents: water, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, hexane and chloroform; biorational products: neem oil, mineral oil, micronized sulfur and thyme oil. The released moths were removed from treated/untreated plants at 72 h and effect of treatments on adults, eggs, larvae and pupae were recorded. Results indicated that sulfur caused the lowest number of live moths to be present on treated plants and was not significantly different in its effect from that of M. azedarach extracts and neem oil. Aqueous extracts without and with oil caused the highest % of dry eggs and were comparable to neem oil. Extracts in the two formulations (crushed fruits and/or powder) caused significant direct effects on immature instars: eggs, early larval instars and pupae. M. azedarach extracts and the tested products also caused indirect effect in form of significant decrease in number of developing the 3rd larval instars and new emerging moths compared to the control. Consecutive sprays of these extracts against eggs, larvae and pupae on same treated plants lead to very low number of moths for a second generation of the pest which contributes to low buildup of pest population in a tomato crop.

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“…1) Many limonoids have been isolated from Azadirachta indica, 2,3) Melia azedarach, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and M. toosendan, 23,24) among others. 25,26) M. azedarach is native to India and China, but currently grows in a number of continents including Africa, Australia and the Americas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The root and stem bark of this tree have yielded sendanins, [4][5][6][7][8] trichilins, [8][9][10] azedarachins, 8,9) meliacarpins, 5,9,11) nimbolins 12) and other types of limonoids 12,13) that have been found to have cytotoxic and antifeedant activities. Moreover, sendanin, 14) nimbolidins, 15) trichilins, 16) meliacarpins, [17][18][19] and others 20,21) have been obtained from the fruit, while meliacarpins 22) have also been reported in the leaves, most of these compounds showing antifeedant properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compounds A and B were collected in separate fractions identiˆed as I and II, respectively. However, when the purity of each fraction was tested after separation, compounds A and B were found to be present in both fractions in the same ratio (A W B＝80-70: [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] as that in the original sample. When fraction II was run immediately after collection, a ratio of A W B＝ 20-30:80-70 was observed, but in a few hours, it had changed back to a ratio of A W B＝80-70:20-30.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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