Linear Dichroism in Angle-Resolved Core-Level Photoemission Spectra Reflecting 4fGround-State Symmetry of Strongly Correlated Cubic Pr Compounds

Abstract

We report experimentally observed linear dichroism in angle-resolved core-level photoemission spectra of PrIr2Zn20 and PrB6 in cubic symmetry. The different anisotropic 4f charge distributions between the compounds due to the crystalline-electric-field splitting are responsible for the difference in the linear dichroism, which has been verified by spectral simulations with the full multiplet theory for a single-site Pr 3+ ion in cubic symmetry. The observed linear dichroism and polarization-dependent spectra in two different photoelectron directions for PrIr2Zn20 are reproduced by theoretical analysis for the Γ3 ground state, whereas those of the Pr 3d and 4d core levels indicate the Γ5 ground state for PrB6.

Revising the 4f symmetry in CeCu2Ge2 : Soft x-ray absorption and hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy

“…The mixing parameter α 2 , obtained by XAS, successfully explains the magnetic susceptibility. By analyzing the Ce 3d corelevel HAXPES spectra using the same α 2 value [24][25][26], in-plane symmetry of the 4f states is determined as -type 7 , which is consistent with the results obtained from NIXS measurements [19].…”

Linearly Polarized Hard X-Ray Photoemission Spectroscopy of PrBe13

“…It has been found for PrB 6 that the Pr 4d core-level spectra show clearer polarization dependence due to a relatively complicated multiplet structure than the 3d 5/2 core-level ones [8]. Therefore, we have also measured the polarized Pr 4d core-level HAXPES spectra of PrBe 13 although the Be 1s level is located near the Pr 4d levels.…”

“…Nevertheless, it is difficult to detect experimentally the anisotropic 4 f charge distributions in cubic symmetry. Recently, the linear dichroism (LD) in hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES) has been reported as a powerful method for revealing the 4 f CEF ground state of such strongly correlated electron systems [6][7][8][9][10][11]. In this paper, we demonstrate that the linear dichroism in corelevel photoemission spectroscopy can reveal not only the CEF ground state but also the excited state in cubic Pr compounds by the temperature dependence of LD in core-level photoemission of cubic PrBe 13 .…”

Ground State Local 4f Symmetry of CeAgSb2 Probed by Linearly Polarized Hard X-ray Photoemission

“…However, it is insensitive for the in-plane rotational symmetry, which is described by the ± sign of the linear combination of the |± 5 2 ⟩ and |± 3 2 ⟩ states, due to the fundamental limitation of the dipole selection rule in the tetragonal systems. This problem has been overcome by the linearly polarized angle-resolved hard X-ray photoemission (HAXPES) with an additional parameter of the detection direction of the photoelectrons [9][10][11][12][13][14]. This technique works to determine the GS symmetry of tetragonal CeCu 2 Ge 2 , which shows an antiferromagnetic order below a Néel temperature (T N ) of 4.15 K at ambient pressure [15], as |Γ 1 7…”