Linezolid versus vancomycin for treatment of resistant Gram-positive infections in children

Kaplan, Sheldon L.; Deville, Jaime G.; Yogev, Ram; Morfin, Ma Rayo; Wu, Eileen; Adler, Stuart P.; Edge-Padbury, Barbara; Naberhuis-Stehouwer, Sharon; Bruss, Jon B.

doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000078160.29072.42

Cited by 174 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Figure 1 shows the selection process of the relevant trials used in this analysis. The four electronic database searches yielded 291 potentially relevant publications, but ultimately, only nine of these RCTs fulfilled the inclusion criteria and so were included in the meta-analysis [17,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Analysis of the quality of the literature, evaluated using the Jadad score (on a scale of 2-5 points, in which a higher score is associated with higher quality), revealed five high-quality RCTs (i.e., score of >3 points).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linezolid versus vancomycin for the treatment of suspected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial pneumonia: a systematic review employing meta-analysis

Wang

Zou

Xie

et al. 2014

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linezolid versus vancomycin for the treatment of suspected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial pneumonia: a systematic review employing meta-analysis

Wang

Zou

Xie

et al. 2014

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

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“…Target serum vancomycin peak and trough concentrations were remarkably higher by the end of the outbreak than at the beginning. In addition, rifampin and linezolid were employed earlier and more systematically in the course of a patient's bacteremia by the end of the outbreak, a strategy also employed by others [59][60][61] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors Associated with Development of Persistent Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Bacteremia in the Neonate and Associated Short-Term and Discharge Morbidities

et al. 2010

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Background: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most common cause of late-onset sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit settings. Historically, authors have questioned the clinical significance of these bacteremia episodes. Recently, clusters of CoNS bacteremia associated with significant morbidity have been reported. The frequency and importance of these clusters of bacteremia and their associated morbidity remains unclear. Objective: We studied a prolonged cluster of 52 cases of persistent CoNS bacteremia in a level III neonatal intensive care unit to clarify risk factors, morbidity and outcomes associated with persistent CoNS bacteremia. Study Design: A retrospective case-control study of infants with CoNS bacteremia >48 h after initiation of appropriate antibiotics and gestational age-matched control infants was performed. We reviewed patient characteristics prior to and during bacteremia, and outcomes at discharge or death. Results: Persistently infected infants were significantly more likely to have greater duration of exposure to parenteral nutrition, hydrocortisone, antibiotics, and mechanical ventilation prior to infection. Persistently infected infants were significantly more likely than controls to experience feeding intolerance and to require inotropic support, increased respiratory support, and blood product transfusion during bacteremia. Infants with persistent CoNS bacteremia took longer to achieve full enteral feeds, had higher rates of chronic lung disease and increased length of stay compared to controls. No significant difference in mortality was noted. Conclusions: Persistent CoNS bacteremia is associated with clinically significant morbidity including feeding intolerance, respiratory failure, blood transfusion and chronic lung disease in this patient population. This impacts hospital course, increases length of stay and impacts medical needs after discharge. During this study, CoNS bacteremia was difficult to clinically eradicate despite in vitro antibiotic susceptibility.

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“…Although not aimed at investigating the efficacy of linezolid for SAB, three multicenter open-label randomized trials included SAB episodes. For the treatment of suspected S. aureus infections (18% SAB) (278) and Gram-positive infections in pediatric patients (80 SAB episodes) (135), the efficacy of linezolid was comparable to that of vancomycin. In contrast, linezolid was associated with an excess of deaths compared to the number of deaths associated with vancomycin treatment in a trial of catheter-related episodes (142 SAB episodes in the intention-to-treat analysis) (318).…”

Section: Antibiotic Choicementioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Mortality in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is an important infection with an incidence rate ranging from 20 to 50 cases/100,000 population per year. Between 10% and 30% of these patients will die from SAB. Comparatively, this accounts for a greater number of deaths than for AIDS, tuberculosis, and viral hepatitis combined. Multiple factors influence outcomes for SAB patients. The most consistent predictor of mortality is age, with older patients being twice as likely to die. Except for the presence of comorbidities, the impacts of other host factors, including gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and immune status, are unclear. Pathogen-host interactions, especially the presence of shock and the source of SAB, are strong predictors of outcomes. Although antibiotic resistance may be associated with increased mortality, questions remain as to whether this reflects pathogen-specific factors or poorer responses to antibiotic therapy, namely, vancomycin. Optimal management relies on starting appropriate antibiotics in a timely fashion, resulting in improved outcomes for certain patient subgroups. The roles of surgery and infectious disease consultations require further study. Although the rate of mortality from SAB is declining, it remains high. Future international collaborative studies are required to tease out the relative contributions of various factors to mortality, which would enable the optimization of SAB management and patient outcomes.

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Linezolid versus vancomycin for treatment of resistant Gram-positive infections in children

Abstract: Linezolid was well-tolerated and as effective as vancomycin in treating serious Gram-positive infections in children.

Cited by 174 publications

References 27 publications

Linezolid versus vancomycin for the treatment of suspected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial pneumonia: a systematic review employing meta-analysis

Linezolid versus vancomycin for the treatment of suspected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial pneumonia: a systematic review employing meta-analysis

Risk Factors Associated with Development of Persistent Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Bacteremia in the Neonate and Associated Short-Term and Discharge Morbidities

Predictors of Mortality in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

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