Lingual papillary system of the Egyptian mouse‐tailed bat (<i>Rhinopoma hardwickii</i>): New insights to its feeding strategies using scanning electron microscope, and immunohistochemical analysis of keratin

Elghoul

2022

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The current study aims to illustrate the gross and scanning electron microscopic characterizations and ultrastructural adaptation of the lingual papillary system of Egyptian Ossimi sheep to Egyptian ecological conditions. The tongue had three regions: the apex (with a slightly bifurcated tip), the body (subdivided into rostral and caudal parts) and the root (subdivided into rostral papillary and caudal non‐papillary parts). Torus linguae had two parts: the triangular rostral part (the caudal part of the body) and the quadrilateral wide part (the rostral part of the root). The lingual papillary system had mechanical (filiform, conical and lentiform) and gustatory (fungiform and circumvallate) types. Filiform papillae were heavily scattered on the dorsal surface of the apex, the rostral part of the body and the ventral surface of the papillary region of the tip. Filiform papillae had five subtypes (ventral and dorsal processed, triangular, leaf‐like and triangular‐processed papillae), while the conical papillae had three subtypes: two lingual (small, large) and one paralingual (elongated pointed), and the fungiform had two subtypes: the high‐density ovoid (on the ventral surface of the tip) and round papillae (on the dorsal surface) that possessed a high number of taste pores, not previously described. They ranged from 5 to 10 for ovoid and 25 to 25 for round papillae. Each circumvallate papilla had an ovoid bulb (with 2–5 taste pores) encircled by an annular groove and two pads (i.e. not described previously). The papillary system's regional divergence was specialized for their harsh and semi‐harsh diet.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological features of the Egyptian Ossimi sheep tongue: New scanning electron microscopic insights into its papillary system adaptations to Egyptian ecological conditions

Elghoul

2022

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“…The two conical papillary subtypes are recorded on the tongues of herbivorous animals (Mahdy et al, 2021), although one type of the conical papillary subtype is observed in some herbivorous animals (Kurtul & Atalgin, 2008). The mechanical papillae have a great role in food particle capture and manipulation and are characterized by their morphological variations among mammalian species (Abumandour et al, 2022). There are species variations in the morphological appearance of the mechanical papillae that are correlated with the available food particles, the feeding behaviour and the geographical distribution (El-Mansi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the tongue is the most distinctive structure of the oral cavity contents, describing the morphological adaptations of each animal species in relation to accessible food particles (Abumandour et al, 2022; Iwasaki, 2002). Contents and relates to the morphological adaptations of each animal species to accessible food materials (El‐Mansi, El‐Bealy, Al‐Kahtani, et al, 2021; El‐Mansi, El‐Bealy, Rady, et al, 2021; Iwasaki, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tongue is complex muscular organ that has a different morphological structure among the different mammalian species according to the feeding behaviour, the available food materials and the environmental conditions (El‐Mansi et al, 2019; Massoud & Abumandour, 2020). Most variations in lingual structure appear in the size, number, shape and the orientations of the lingual projected papillae (Abumandour et al, 2022). Morphologically, the lingual papillae are classified into two types: mechanical and gustatory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scanning electron microscopic and histological features of the oral cavity of the Egyptian tortoise (Testudo kleinmanni)

et al. 2022

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This investigation was led to depict the structural and functional adaptations of the oral cavity of herbivorous Egyptian tortoises using scanning electron and light microscopes. The SEM showed that the triangular papillary tongue possessed three conical papillary subtypes: the rectangular conical on the tip, the round conical on the rest of the dorsal lingual surface and the elongated conical on the caudal portion of the lingual wing. The presence of the serrated lips with their valves compensated for the absence of the teeth. The rostral part had a vomeronasal opening while the middle part had the choana, but the caudal part had numerous openings of the salivary glands. There are three palatine folds: a single median palatine fold, two peripheral palatine folds and the choanal fold. The current histological results show the keratinized dorsal lingual surface, in which the keratinized layer extended to cover the papillae. Two types of lingual glands, according to their position, are papillary superficial and deep lingual glands. Papillary or superficial glands open in the interpapillary spaces via narrow openings, while the deep glands are surrounded by well‐developed muscles and open via wide openings on the dorsal lingual surface. An entoglossal cartilaginous structure of hyaline cartilage was found in the mid‐ and hindtongue, with numerous chondrocytes lodged within the lacunae. Our results conclude that the oral cavity of the herbivorous Egyptian tortoise was adapted to the dietary and vigorous demands of the Egyptian fauna.

Scanning electron microscopic characterizations of the tongue of the Nubian goat (Capra aegagrus hircus): A specialized focus on its papillary system adaptation to Egyptian environmental conditions

Eldefrawy

et al. 2023

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The current investigation was focused on describing the gross and scanning electron features of the Nubian goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) tongue, with new insights into its papillary adaptation to the Egyptian environment. The elongated tongue had a rostral free and the caudal fixed. The ventral apical surface is classified into the smaller rostral papillary region on the tip and the larger non‐papillary region by the U‐line of filiform papillae. Functionally, there are two papillary types: mechanical (filiform, conical and lentiform in addition to the longitudinal row of large conical papilla on the lateral of the body) and gustatory (fungiform and circumvallate). Filiform papillae were densely distributed on the dorsal surface of the apex and body, and on the lateral apical border and lateral surface of the body and root, in addition to the ventral surface of the tip. This filiform papillary system gives a raspy appearance to the dorsal surface. The conical and lentiform papillae were limited to the torus linguae. Circumvallate papillae are surrounded by an annular groove and slightly vallum. The lingual root was devoid of any papillae. Lingual papillary subtypes are filiform papillae (elongated and triangular), conical papillae (elongated and oval) and fungiform papillae (round and ovoid). The investigated Nubian goat may have developed a specialized papillary system due to regional differences in the distribution, structure and subtypes of the system, allowing it to adapt to the dried grasses and leaves of trees and bushes that are available in Upper Egypt's dry, hot climate.