Link Estimation of Different Indian Cities Under Fog Weather Conditions

Ghalot, Robin; Madhu, Charu; Kaur, Gurpreet; Singh, Preeti

doi:10.1007/s11277-019-06142-2

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…But the authors have analyzed the visibility conditions only for predicting the link availabilities and the study lacks a suitable FSO system design to estimate the performance of FSO links for practical atmospheric conditions of India. In related research [24], the authors proposed and evaluated the performance of 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based FSO systems under fog weather conditions for two different cities of India. The use of spatial diversity of order 8 has also been advocated to improve the link performance under adverse atmospheric conditions.…”

Section: A Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of High-Speed Free Space Optical (FSO) Communication System for Supporting Fifth Generation (5G) Data Services in Diverse Geographical Locations of India

et al. 2021

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Free space optical (FSO) communication has established a reputation for itself as a next-generation network capable of delivering high-speed data services. In light of the upcoming launch of 5G services, this paper aims to evaluate the performance of the FSO system for the implementation of 5G technology in diverse geographical locations of India. The proposed 16×10 Gbps wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) based FSO link uses orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and digital signal processing (DSP) module to mitigate channel-induced limitations. Additionally, the proposed FSO design also employs Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) with optimized gain characteristics. Using the data sourced from the Meteorological Department of India, the link analysis reveals that due to weak fog events in coastal areas effective link range of up to 10.75 km can be achieved while maintaining bit error rate of 10 −9 . Despite dominant foggy conditions in hilly, plains and desert areas, the proposed FSO link significantly limits the degrading effects of channel. Hence, in pursuit of futuristic smart city models, a heterogeneous combination of FSO and 5G infrastructure can conveniently cover diverse geographical locations of India to support high-speed data connectivity.

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Section: A Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of High-Speed Free Space Optical (FSO) Communication System for Supporting Fifth Generation (5G) Data Services in Diverse Geographical Locations of India

et al. 2021

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“…[ [26] , [27] , [28] ]. Ghalot et al [ 29 ] analyzed the FSOC reliability in Amritsar and New Delhi. This article concludes that FSOC is more reliable in Amritsar than in Delhi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of multiple-beam WDM free space laser-communication system using homodyne detection approach

Gupta

Goel

2023

Heliyon

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“…The performance of OFDM in FSO using 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) under fog conditions was studied for two Indian cities in [22]. The conducted results show improvements in the system performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity Enhancement for Free Space Optics Transmission System Using Orbital Angular Momentum Optical Code Division Multiple Access in 5G and beyond Networks

et al. 2022

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This paper introduces a novel free space optics (FSO) communication system for future-generation high-speed networks. The proposed system integrates orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes with an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) technique. Two OAM beams are used (LG0,0 and LG0,10), each of which is used for transmitting three independent channels. Each channel is assigned by fixed right shift (FRS) codes and carries 10 Gbps of information data. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated under different foggy and dust storm conditions. Furthermore, the performance of two cities with different geographical locations, Alexandria city in Egypt and Srinagar city in India, is investigated to demonstrate its ability to be implemented in future generations. Bit error rate (BER), eye diagrams, received optical power (ROP), and channel capacity are used for studying the performance of the proposed system. The observed simulation results show successful transmission of 60 Gbps overall capacity with the longest propagation FSO range for Alexandria city, which is 1400 m. Because dust storms have a large attenuation when compared to different foggy conditions, the proposed model had the shortest propagation range of 315 m under low dust (LD), 105 m under moderate dust (MD), and 40 m under heavy dust (HD). Furthermore, the cloudy weather conditions that affect Srinagar city, which is considered a hilly area, make our suggested model achieve 1000 m.

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Link Estimation of Different Indian Cities Under Fog Weather Conditions

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Design and Analysis of High-Speed Free Space Optical (FSO) Communication System for Supporting Fifth Generation (5G) Data Services in Diverse Geographical Locations of India

Design and Analysis of High-Speed Free Space Optical (FSO) Communication System for Supporting Fifth Generation (5G) Data Services in Diverse Geographical Locations of India

Performance analysis of multiple-beam WDM free space laser-communication system using homodyne detection approach

Capacity Enhancement for Free Space Optics Transmission System Using Orbital Angular Momentum Optical Code Division Multiple Access in 5G and beyond Networks

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