Linking elements in German Origin, Change, Functionalization

Nübling, Damaris; Szczepaniak, Renata

doi:10.1007/s11525-013-9213-9

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In vielen Sprachen auf der Welt treten in Komposita sogenannte Fugenelemente auf, bedeutungslose Morpheme, die linear zwischen den beiden Komponenten des Kompositums stehen (Szczepaniak 2021). Die germanischen Sprachen sind bekannt für ihren vielfältigen Gebrauch dieser Elemente (Fuhrhop & Kürschner 2005), die meistens auf Flexionsendungen und Primärsuffixe (Stammbildungssuffixe) zurückzuführen sind, deren ursprüngliche Funktion verlorengegangen ist (Nübling & Szczepaniak 2013). Wie u.a.…”

Section: Fugenelemente Im Germanischen Und Im Mooringer Friesischunclassified

Das Fugenelement -e- in NN-Komposita im Mooringer Friesisch als Stammerweiterung

Handke¹,

Hoekstra²,

Rohlf³

2022

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In this article we discuss the distribution of the linking element -e- in NN-compounds in Mooring Frisian, a mainland North Frisian dialect. Although this linking element is homophonous with the regular plural ending -e in Mooring Frisian and triggers plural allomorphy, we argue against an equation of linking element and plural ending. We propose that linking elements are semantically void augments or stem extensions, that may optionally serve phonological (prosodic) and/or quasi-morphological functions. Thus the linking element -e- can build trochees and function as an indirect marker of the stem inherent morphosemantic features (countability, animacy) or the first component’s contextual meaning (plural interpre¬tation). In addition, we address some dialectological and historical aspects of the development of the linking element -e- in Mooring Frisian in Mooring Frisian.

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Section: Fugenelemente Im Germanischen Und Im Mooringer Friesischunclassified

Das Fugenelement -e- in NN-Komposita im Mooringer Friesisch als Stammerweiterung

Handke¹,

Hoekstra²,

Rohlf³

2022

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“…Byrðr er nú veikt bent í eintali: byrða 6 . Stuttur samandráttur: Sambandið millum bendingarending og klípini kámast, og hetta hendir stigvíst, síggj Nübling & Szczepaniak (2013) um, hvussu tað er í týskum. Í føroyskum er talan um hesi stigini: (1) framkoman av tí paradigmatiska klípinum, (2) framkoman og útbreiðslan av tí ikki-paradigmatiska klípinum og (3) framkoman av variantum, sum eru bundnir av, hvørjum ljóði seinni liður byrjar við.…”

Section: Paradigmatisk Og Ikki-paradigmatisk Klípirunclassified

From genitive to linking element

Petersen¹,

Szczepaniak²

2015

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ÚrtakÍ føroyskum er hvørsfallið ikki nýtt sum fall eftir sagnorð, lýsingarorð ella fyrisetingar (uttan serliga fyrisetingina: til). Ístaðin verður hvønn-ella hvørjumfall brúkt; norrønt/gamalt føroyskt: bíða mín > bíða maer ella ein fyriseting og stýring: bíða mín > bíða eftir maer. Dømi við hvønnfalli er norrønt/gamalt føroyskt: hevna mín > hevna meg. Eftir fyrisetingina til verður hvørsfall brúkt, tá ið stýringin er eitt persónsfornavn: til hansara. Tá ið talan er um til Havnar hava vit tað søguliga hvørsfallið. Viðseting í hvørsfalli, dags verk, er ikki virkið í nútíðar føroyskari syntaks. Í staðin er talan um eina samanseting: dagsverk. Hugt verður naerri at tí óvirkna hvørsfallinum, og tað verður víst, at hetta fallið er keldan aftan fyri tey klípini 1 , sum nú eru í samansetingum. Vit føra fram, at klípini í føroyskum hava ymiska støðu. Summi klípir eru paradigmatisk, onnur ikki-paradigmatisk.Víst verður á, at tað er eitt samband ímillum hvørsfalsmiss og útviklingina fram til paradigmatisk og ikki-paradigmatisk klípir í samansetingum.* Vit skulu takka dr. Philos J. í Lon Jacobsen og L. Reinert fyri raettlestur og viðmerkingar. Eisini teimum, sum tóku lut í kanning okkara og einum anonymum lesara fyri javnlíkameting.

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“…About 39-42% of nominal compounds in present-day German make use of linking elements (Kurschner 2003: 105;Kopf 2017), at least two of these linking elements can be traced back to genitive morphemes (cf. Pavlov 1983;Nitta 1987;Demske 2001;Nubling & Szczepaniak 2013). Due to the frequent preposing of genitive attributes in Early New High German (1350-1650, short: ENHG), reanalysis of a genitive attribute and its head lead to a new, compound-like structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From genitive suffix to linking element

Kopf

2018

Studies in Language Companion Series

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Publikationsserver des Instituts für Deutsche Sprache URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-78970 separately in the beginning. Their gradual graphematic integration into directly connected words was reversed by a century of hyphenation . This is strikingly different from present-day spelling practice and shows that the linked pattern was still perceived as marked. resulted in structures identical to those of a pre-existing compounding type which made use of bare stems, as in (2b).2,3,4 (1) a. wegen [d-es Leib-s] because the-GEN.SG body.M-GEN.SG Erbe-n heir.M-GEN.SG > wegen d-es Leib-s-erbe-n because the-GEN.SG body-LE-heir.M-GEN.SG 'because of the heir of the body' b. [d-er Sonne-n] Schein the-GEN.SG sun.F-GEN.SG shine.M.NOM.SG 'the shine of the sun' > d-er Sonne-n-schein 2 Older stem-forming elements also lead to linking elements in compounds, e.g. OHG tag-a-lon 'day-wage', but they play a very marginal role in today's system. (For two different views of their importance in the genesis of some linking elements, see Wegener 2008 and Nubling & Szczepaniak 2013: 69-72.) They might, however, have helped the new linking elements along as speakers were used to the existence of additional phonological material in compounds. 3Abbreviations used in the glosses: case: n o m -nominative, g e ngenitive, DAT -dative; number: SG -singular, PL -plural; gender: F -feminine, M -masculine, N -neuter; LE -linking element. In case of syncretism, only the relevant case or number is marked. Gender is marked on the noun only, although expressed through agreement on the articles. 4The examples used show the presumed reanalysis while maintaining the same structure. Proof for reanalysis can then be found when the compounds are used in new contexts, e.g. mit dem Leibserben 'with the heir of the body', where dem 'the.DAT.SG' can refer to Erben 'heir.DAT.SG' only.

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Linking elements in German Origin, Change, Functionalization

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Das Fugenelement -e- in NN-Komposita im Mooringer Friesisch als Stammerweiterung

Das Fugenelement -e- in NN-Komposita im Mooringer Friesisch als Stammerweiterung

From genitive to linking element

From genitive suffix to linking element

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