Linking North Atlantic and Alpine Last Glacial Maximum climates via a high-resolution pollen-based subarctic forest steppe record

Pini, Roberta; Furlanetto, Giulia; Vallé, Francesca; Badino, Federica; Wick, Lucia; Anselmetti, Flavio S.; Bertuletti, Paolo; Fusi, Nicoletta; Morlock, Marina A.; Delmonte, Barbara; Harrison, Sandy P.; Maggi, Valter; Ravazzi, Cesare

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107759

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…The RegCM4 data show cooler and drier conditions for 21 ka, which is in agreement with the temperature and precipitation pollenbased reconstructions for the coldest and warmest months of the LGM (Wu et al, 2007). In line with other model studies, absolute values of simulated temperature and temperature anomalies underestimate the proxy values (Pini et al, 2022). This is possibly caused by model shortcomings or by the higher proxy sensitivity to climate extremes than to climatological mean states (Kageyama et al, 2006;Velasquez et al, 2021).…”

Section: Envela -Comparison With Other Studiessupporting

confidence: 87%

“…After a bias correction is applied to the model output using present-day observations, the precipitation and temperature patterns for 21 ka show good consistency with proxy records (Table S1 in the Supplement; Bartlein et al, 2010;Wu et al, 2007;Monegato et al, 2015) and other RCM studies (Strandberg et al, 2011;Ludwig et al, 2021;Kageyama et al, 2021;Stadelmaier et al, 2021). In the bias-corrected domain, few proxies are available for evaluating the simulated climate (Wu et al, 2007;Pini et al, 2022). The RegCM4 data show cooler and drier conditions for 21 ka, which is in agreement with the temperature and precipitation pollenbased reconstructions for the coldest and warmest months of the LGM (Wu et al, 2007).…”

Section: Envela -Comparison With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 60%

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Atmosphere-cryosphere interactions at 21 ka BP in the European Alps

Gobbo

Colucci

Monegato

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Evidence that during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) glaciers extended well into the piedmont planes is still identifiable in the alpine foreland as a system of well-preserved moraines. Glaciers are strongly affected by temperature and precipitation and therefore they are excellent indicators of climate change. Here we use a regional climate model (RCM) to investigate the physical processes sustaining the glacier extent during the LGM. We find a predominance of convection during summer and increased southwesterly stratiform precipitation over the southern Alps compared to pre-industrial conditions. This precipitation pattern, along with lower temperatures, determined summer snowfall extending to low elevations with a consequent substantial drop of the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) consistent with the estimated LGM glacier extent. Our RCM based estimates of the ELA at the LGM yield excellent consistency with Alpine glacier reconstructions, further demonstrating the great potential of this technique for use in paleoclimate studies.

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Section: Envela -Comparison With Other Studiessupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Envela -Comparison With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 60%

Atmosphere-cryosphere interactions at 21 ka BP in the European Alps

Gobbo

Colucci

Monegato

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The most recent interval documented in the Fimon PD record, from 31 to 27 ka, is characterized by the occurrence of carnivores ( e.g ., cave bear), herbivores like moose ( Alces alces ), already documented in previous phases, and also fish and water birds in the cave and shelters of Berici Hills 78 (Supplementary S I - 3 ). This phase is marked by the GS 5.1 (HS 3) oscillation which produced a major steppe expansion, as documented elsewhere in the southern Alpine foreland (Casaletto Ceredano site 79 ), while the short and pronounced interstadials following HS3 led to the renewed expansion of dry boreal forest up to 27.3 ka 31 , 32 . The HS3 event is also inferred based on small-mammal remains at the Fumane cave (unit D1e, with no cultural remains) and other sites in Italy, such as Riparo Mochi (first three phases of unit D), Grotta Paglicci (layers 22c-b) 80 and Broion cave (layers G2-F) 81 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…However, we can relate this bias to the underrepresentation of larch in the regional pollen rain (see above). Indeed, this boreal species likely played an important role in the forests at the NE Alpine border, especially at the continental and upper alpine timberlines 31 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution ecosystem changes pacing the millennial climate variability at the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in NE-Italy

Badino

Pini

Ravazzi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Observation of high-resolution terrestrial palaeoecological series can decipher relationships between past climatic transitions, their effects on ecosystems and wildfire cyclicity. Here we present a new radiocarbon dated record from Lake Fimon (NE-Italy) covering the 60–27 ka interval. Palynological, charcoal fragments and sediment lithology analysis were carried out at centennial to sub-centennial resolutions. Identification of the best modern analogues for MIS 3 ecosystems further enabled to thoroughly reconstruct structural changes in the vegetation through time. This series also represents an “off-site” reference record for chronologically well-constrained Palaeolithic sites documenting Neanderthal and Homo sapiens occupations within the same region. Neanderthals lived in a mosaic of grasslands and woodlands, composed of a mixture of boreal and broad-leaved temperate trees analogous to those of the modern Central-Eastern Europe, the Southern Urals and central-southern Siberia. Dry and other grassland types expanded steadily from 44 to 43 ka and peaked between 42 and 39 ka, i.e., about the same time when Sapiens reached this region. This vegetation, which finds very few reliable modern analogues in the adopted Eurasian calibration set, led to the expansion of ecosystems able to sustain large herds of herbivores. During 39–27 ka, the landscape was covered by steppe, desert-steppe and open dry boreal forests similar to those of the modern Altai-Sayan region. Both Neanderthal and Sapiens lived in contexts of expanded fire-prone ecosystems modulated by the high-frequency climatic cycles of MIS 3.

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“…Pollen grains, insects and especially chironomids preserved in lake sediments allow for the quantitative reconstruction of seasonal temperatures (Brooks & Birks, 2001; Heiri et al., 2011). However, only few such records extend back to 40 ka or before (Duprat‐Oualid et al., 2017; Heiri et al., 2014) and most of them provide paleoclimate records for the LGM/post‐LGM period (Ampel et al., 2010; Magyari et al., 2019; Pini et al., 2022; Samartin et al., 2016). The few published records include the Grand Pile peat bog insect record (Ponel, 1995), the chironomid record of Unterangerberg (Ilyashuk et al., 2022), and the pollen records of Les Echets and Grand Pile (Guiot et al., 1989), Lac du Bouchet (Thouveny et al., 1994), as well as Lago Grande di Monticchio (Allen et al., 1999) (site details in Data Set ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Atmospheric Dynamics Over Dansgaard‐Oeschger Climate Oscillations Around 40 ka and Their Impact on Europe

Stadelmaier,

Ludwig,

Pinto

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Dansgaard‐Oeschger (D‐O) climate variability during the last glaciation was first evidenced in ice cores and marine sediments, and is also recorded in various terrestrial paleoclimate archives in Europe. The relative synchronicity across Greenland, the North Atlantic and Europe implies a tight and fast coupling between those regions, most probably effectuated by an atmospheric transmission mechanism. In this study, we investigated the atmospheric changes during Greenland interstadial (GI) and stadial (GS) phases based on regional climate model simulations using two specific periods, GI‐10 and GS‐9 both around 40 ka, as boundary conditions. Our simulations accurately capture the changes in temperature and precipitation as reconstructed by the available proxy data. Moreover, the simulations depict an intensified and southward shifted eddy‐driven jet during the stadial period. Ultimately, this affects the near‐surface circulation toward more southwesterly and cyclonic flow in western Europe during the stadial period, explaining much of the seasonal climate variability recorded by the proxy data, including oxygen isotopes, at the considered proxy sites.

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Linking North Atlantic and Alpine Last Glacial Maximum climates via a high-resolution pollen-based subarctic forest steppe record

Cited by 13 publications

References 101 publications

Atmosphere-cryosphere interactions at 21 ka BP in the European Alps

Atmosphere-cryosphere interactions at 21 ka BP in the European Alps

High-resolution ecosystem changes pacing the millennial climate variability at the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in NE-Italy

Changes in Atmospheric Dynamics Over Dansgaard‐Oeschger Climate Oscillations Around 40 ka and Their Impact on Europe

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