“…Many previous articles have studied EU's ETS and non-ETS targets and flexibility (e.g., Tol, 2009;Böhringer, 2014;Aune and Golombek, 2020;Veille, 2020), and a literature strand has looked into linking regional allowance trading systems (e.g., Anger, 2008;Carbone et al, 2009;Flachsland et al, 2011, Mehling et al, 2018, Doda et al, 2019Holtsmark and Weitzman, 2020). This paper assumes the perspective of the small, open Norwegian economy and asks whether it is worthwhile and feasible to join the larger EU coalition.…”