Links between annual, Milankovitch and continuum temperature variability

Huybers, Peter; Curry, William T.

doi:10.1038/nature04745

Cited by 313 publications

(386 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Analysis of long-term instrumental records and of palaeoclimatological proxy data shows that the same is true on longer timescales; conditions change randomly from century to century, millennium to millennium, and from aeon to aeon. Figure 2.1 shows a composite spectrum of surface temperature and temperature proxies spanning timescales from a few days up to about 1 million years (Huybers and Curry, 2006 ). Th ere are sharp peaks at the annual frequency and subannual harmonics, as expected.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

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Climate modelling and deep-time climate change

Caballero¹,

Lynch²

2011

Climate Change, Ecology and Systematics

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Detailed and reliable understanding of past climate change is a key ingredient in unravelling how climate has infl uenced life on earth and will continue to do so in the future. Palaeoclimatology and climate modelling have both made rapid strides over the past decades, and there has been fruitful two-way interaction between the two fi elds. Th e application of climate models to palaeoclimates has proved useful both in interpreting palaeoclimate proxy data and in testing the robustness and generality of climate models. Here, we give an overview of the current state of climate modelling and review recent progress in understanding deep-time climate change, with emphasis on problems where climate models have played a salient role. By suitably adjusting the concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases, climate models can be made to replicate many key climatic transitions in the earth's history. However, important discrepancies remain between modelled climates and proxy reconstructions, particularly on the warm end of the spectrum.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Th e vertical black line indicates the 41-kyr obliquity period. Reproduced with permission from Huybers and Curry ( 2006 ). See colour plate section .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate modelling and deep-time climate change

Caballero¹,

Lynch²

2011

Climate Change, Ecology and Systematics

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“…As pointed out by Huybers and Curry (2006), the seasonal cycle of SST is massive and may impact climate variability well beyond the annual cycle. Without considering dynamic effects such as atmospheric or oceanic feedbacks, a likely reason for the net impact of seasonality in climate variability on Milankovitch timescales involves a climate sensitivity weighted toward one particular season (Laepple and Lohmann, 2009).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene and Eemian sea surface temperature trends as revealed by alkenone and Mg/Ca paleothermometry

Leduc

Schneider

Kim

et al. 2010

Quaternary Science Reviews

388

238

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a b s t r a c tIn this study we review a global set of alkenone-and foraminiferal Mg/Ca-derived sea surface temperatures (SST) records from the Holocene and compare them with a suite of published Eemian SST records based on the same approach. For the Holocene, the alkenone SST records belong to the actualized GHOST database (Kim, J.-H., Schneider R.R., (2004). GHOST global database for alkenone-derived Holocene seasurface temperature records. Available from: http://www.pangaea.de/Projects/GHOST.), while the Mg/ Ca-derived SST database represents a new compilation. The actualized GHOST database not only confirms the SST changes previously described but also documents the Holocene temperature evolution in new oceanic regions such as the Northwestern Atlantic, the eastern equatorial Pacific, and the Southern Ocean. A comparison of Holocene SST records stemming from the two commonly applied paleothermometry methods reveals contrasting -sometimes divergent -SST evolution, particularly at low latitudes where SST records are abundant enough to infer systematic discrepancies at a regional scale. Opposite SST trends at particular locations could be explained by out-of-phase trends in seasonal insolation during the Holocene. This hypothesis assumes that a strong contrast in the ecological responses of coccolithophores and planktonic foraminifera to winter and summer oceanographic conditions is the ultimate reason for seasonal differences in the origin of the temperature signal provided by these organisms. As a simple test for this hypothesis, Eemian SST records are considered because the Holocene and Eemian time periods experienced comparable changes in orbital configurations, but had a higher magnitude in insolation variance during the Eemian. For several regions, SST changes during both interglacials were of a similar sign, but with higher magnitudes during the Eemian as compared to the Holocene. This observation suggests that the ecological mechanism shaping SST trends during the Holocene was comparable during the penultimate interglacial period. Although this ''ecology hypothesis'' fails to explain all of the available results, we argue that any other mechanism would fail to satisfactorily explain the observed SST discrepancies among proxies.

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“…Starting at scales of about 10-30 years, one can plausibly extrapolate the global S(∆ t ) using a line with slope H = 0.4 through it (see Lovejoy and Schertzer [1986 ] for similar estimates and see Pelletier [ 1998] and BY S. LOVEJOY Huybers and Curry [ 2006] for scaling spectral composites).…”

Section: Atmospheric Variability From Days To 800000 Yearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is Climate?

Lovejoy

2013

EoS Transactions

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Most people have an intuitive understanding of the weather as referring to the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place and of the climate as a kind of average weather. A popular expression of this dichotomy is “the climate is what you expect, the weather is what you get” (Heinlein [1973, p. 352], although often attributed to Mark Twain). Implicit in this belief is the notion of climate as a kind of constant natural state to which the weather would converge if it were averaged over a long enough period. A corollary is that climate change is a consequence of “climate forcings,” which are external to the natural climate system and which tend to prevent averages from converging to their true values. In this framework, past climate change may be attributed to orbital changes, variations in solar output, volcanic eruptions, etc. For the recent period, anthropogenic forcings can be added.

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Links between annual, Milankovitch and continuum temperature variability

Abstract: The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. CitationHuybers, Peter J., and William Curry. 2006. Links between annual, Milankovitch and continuum temperature variability. Nature 441: 329-332.Published Version

Cited by 313 publications

References 30 publications

Climate modelling and deep-time climate change

Climate modelling and deep-time climate change

Holocene and Eemian sea surface temperature trends as revealed by alkenone and Mg/Ca paleothermometry

What Is Climate?

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