Linoleic acid, glycemic control and Type 2 diabetes

Belury, Martha A.; Cole, Rachel M.; Snoke, Deena; Banh, Taylor; Angelotti, Austin

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2018.03.001

Cited by 78 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A seminal clinical trial in 2001 suggested that replacing MUFAs with SFAs had adverse outcomes [64], and a recent meta-analysis of RCTs suggested that diets high in MUFAs resulted in lower fasting glucose than diets high in carbohydrates or PUFAs [65]. Similar beneficial effects have been observed in several other studies [32,66], but other recent reviews report no associations with diabetes incidence [34,67]. It has been suggested that the consumption of certain foods rich in OA (such as extra-virgin olive oil, rapeseed oil) may be beneficial due to other components such as polyphenols.…”

Section: Associations Between the Intake Of Fatty Acids And Occurrmentioning

confidence: 81%

Changes in Plasma Free Fatty Acids Associated with Type-2 Diabetes

2019

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with increased total plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations and an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. The exact mechanisms by which the plasma FFA profile of subjects with T2DM changes is unclear, but it is thought that dietary fats and changes to lipid metabolism are likely to contribute. Therefore, establishing the changes in concentrations of specific FFAs in an individual’s plasma is important. Each type of FFA has different effects on physiological processes, including the regulation of lipolysis and lipogenesis in adipose tissue, inflammation, endocrine signalling and the composition and properties of cellular membranes. Alterations in such processes due to altered plasma FFA concentrations/profiles can potentially result in the development of insulin resistance and coagulatory defects. Finally, fibrates and statins, lipid-regulating drugs prescribed to subjects with T2DM, are also thought to exert part of their beneficial effects by impacting on plasma FFA concentrations. Thus, it is also interesting to consider their effects on the concentration of FFAs in plasma. Collectively, we review how FFAs are altered in T2DM and explore the likely downstream physiological and pathological implications of such changes.

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Section: Associations Between the Intake Of Fatty Acids And Occurrmentioning

confidence: 81%

Changes in Plasma Free Fatty Acids Associated with Type-2 Diabetes

2019

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“…Various benefits have been reported for linoleic and oleic acids. In an epidemiological study, plasma linoleic acid was associated with decreased intra-myocellular lipid levels in older adults (Belury, Cole, Snoke, Banh, & Angelotti, 2018). Also, oleic acid represents a benefit in human diet, by reducing the levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood, suppressing gerergenesis, improving inflammatory diseases and controlling blood pressure (Dhakal, Jung, Chae, Shannon, & Lee, 2014).…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and nutritional characterization of Chenopodium quinoa Willd (quinoa) grains: A good alternative to nutritious food

et al. 2019

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With the purpose of valuing the species Chenopodium quinoa Willd (quinoa), as well as encouraging the consumption of its grains, this study aimed at providing a detailed evaluation of the nutritional value and chemical composition of several quinoa grains of different colour varieties (black, red and white) from different origins. The results demonstrated an excellent composition, namely in the presence of many compounds of interest, such as organic acids, tocopherols and unsaturated fatty acids, as well as a very favourable nutritional profile, with carbohydrates and proteins being the prominent macronutrients. Regarding the different varieties, statistical analysis showed that there were no significant differences in studied parameters, with the exception of proteins, carbohydrates, oxalic acid, γ-tocopherol and total tocopherols content. Thus, this pseudocereal takes a position of nutritional excellence, compared to others cereals more commonly consumed, thereby representing a promising ingredient for many uses in the food industry. Hernández-Ledesma, 2017). Some scientific studies have been developed to characterize Chenopodium quinoa Willd; however, this study intends to make a

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“…Although there are limited studies on individual circulating FAs and T2D, it is clear that high serum levels of saturated FAs are generally associated with increased risk of T2D [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], whereas there have been mixed reports on the relationship between serum levels of individual MUFAs and PUFAs and T2D [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. A majority of these studies to date have been conducted in elderly or middle-aged populations and so it is of interest to explore whether the same patterns hold true in younger populations, in this case a younger population of women with increased risk of T2D.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Linoleic Acid is Associated with Improved Glucose Tolerance in Women after Gestational Diabetes

et al. 2018

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Women with previously diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of type-2-diabetes mellitus (T2D). We aimed to establish links between glucose tolerance (GT) and serum fatty acid (FA) profile in the transition from GDM to T2D. Six years after GDM, 221 women were grouped as having normal GT (NGT), impaired GT (IGT), or T2D based on oral GT test results. Fasting serum FAs were profiled, anthropometric measures taken, and dietary intake determined. Linoleic acid (LA) was significantly higher in NGT women (p < 0.001) compared with IGT and T2D, and emerged as a strong predictor of low glucose and insulin levels, independently of BMI. Self-reported vegetable oil consumption correlated with LA serum levels and glucose levels. Delta-6-, delta-9-, and stearoyl-CoA-desaturase activities were associated with decreased GT, and delta-5-desaturase activities with increased GT. In a subgroup of women at high risk of diabetes, low LA and high palmitic acid levels were seen in those that developed T2D, with no differences in other FAs or metabolic measurements. Results suggest that proportions of LA and palmitic acid are of particular interest in the transition from GDM to T2D. Interconversions between individual FAs regulated by desaturases appear to be relevant to glucose metabolism.

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Linoleic acid, glycemic control and Type 2 diabetes

Cited by 78 publications

References 35 publications

Changes in Plasma Free Fatty Acids Associated with Type-2 Diabetes

Changes in Plasma Free Fatty Acids Associated with Type-2 Diabetes

Chemical and nutritional characterization of Chenopodium quinoa Willd (quinoa) grains: A good alternative to nutritious food

Circulating Linoleic Acid is Associated with Improved Glucose Tolerance in Women after Gestational Diabetes

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