Lionfish Envenomation

Edwardsiella tarda as a Cause for Limb- and Life- threatening Soft Tissue Infections: What All Plastic Surgeons Need to Know

“…In consideration of the differential diagnosis, especially in situations that involve exposure to catfish (the current case) and lionfish as the potential cause of the injury, virulent bacterial colonization over the body surface and spiny fish barbs capable of injection of toxic venoms are also potential explanations. 16 , 17 These cytotoxic chemicals and venoms can also cause signs and symptoms mimicking necrotizing soft tissue infections. 16 , 17 Gram stains and histologic evaluation can sometimes help differentiate from necrotizing soft tissue infections, although the results may still be equivocal as fulminant tissue necrosis caused by toxin and bacteria may appear similar.…”

“… 16 , 17 These cytotoxic chemicals and venoms can also cause signs and symptoms mimicking necrotizing soft tissue infections. 16 , 17 Gram stains and histologic evaluation can sometimes help differentiate from necrotizing soft tissue infections, although the results may still be equivocal as fulminant tissue necrosis caused by toxin and bacteria may appear similar. 16 Cultures are imperative.…”

Emergency Management Strategies and Antimicrobial Considerations for Nonmammalian Marine Vertebrate Penetrating Trauma in North America, the Caribbean, and Hawaii: A Review Article

“…A review of literature yielded 8 studies on Scorpaenidae, which consisted of 7 case reports (1 article described 2 cases) 17,43 -48 and 1 retrospective case series 49 for a total of 59 cases. Outcomes were only present in 38 patients in the case series (3 scorpionfish, 35 lionfish) for a total of 5 scorpionfish 43,48,49 and 41 lionfish 17,44 -47,49 cases.…”

Stonefish (Synanceia trachynis) Antivenom: In Vitro Efficacy and Clinical Use

“…This common characteristic of lability among fish venoms is clinically important, as demonstrated by the effective use of heat in relieving symptoms of envenomation. While there is debate as to whether heat actually breaks down the venom or relieves symptoms by other mechanisms (Fenner, 2000), immersing an envenomed body part in hot water has been shown to be effective in alleviating the symptoms of envenomation by almost all species of venomous fish (Chan et al, 1996;Fenner, 2000;Halstead, 1967;Kasdan et al, 1987;Kizer, 1984;Kizer et al, 1985;Patel and Wells, 1993;Rifkin and Williamson, 1996;Russell, 1996;Sutherland and Tibballs, 2001;Trestrail and Al-Mahasneh, 1989;Wasserman and Johnston, 1979).…”