Lipase catalyzed acidolysis of lard with capric acid in organic solvent

Zhao, Haizhen; Lu, Zhaoxin; Bie, Xiaomei; Lü, Feng; Liu, Zhanmin

doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.08.049

Cited by 63 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Prolonging the incubation time for more than 24 h did not improve the incorporation levels for both enzyme loads. Similar results were reported by others [14,31].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Production of MLM‐Type Structured Lipids Catalyzed by Immobilized Heterologous Rhizopus oryzae Lipase

Nunes

Pires-Cabral

Guillén

et al. 2010

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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This work aims to produce triacylglycerols (TAG) containing a medium-chain fatty acid (M) at positions sn-1,3 and a long-chain fatty acid (L) at sn-2 position, i.e. TAG of MLM type, by acidolysis of virgin olive oil with caprylic (C8:0) or capric (C10:0) acids, catalyzed by 1,3-selective Rhizopus oryzae heterologous lipase (rROL) immobilized in Eupergit Ò C and modified sepiolite. This lipase was produced by the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Reactions were performed at 25 and 40°C, for 24 h, either in solvent-free or in n-hexane media, at a molar ratio 1:2 (olive oil:free fatty acid). Higher incorporations of C8:0 (21.6 mol%) and C10:0 (34.8 mol%) into the TAG were attained in solvent-free media, at 40°C, when rROL immobilized in Eupergit Ò C was used. In organic media, at 40°C, only 15.9 and 14.1 mol%, incorporation of C8:0 or C10:0 were, respectively observed. Lower incorporations were attained for both acids (3.4-7.0 mol%) when native ROL (nROL) in both supports and rROL in modified sepiolite were used. rROL in Eupergit Ò C maintained its activity during the first four or three 23-h batches, respectively when C8:0 (half-life time, t 1/2 = 159 h) or C10:0 (t 1/2 = 136 h) were used, decreasing thereafter following a time delay model. Keywords Acidolysis Á Capric acid Á Caprylic acid Á Olive oil Á Rhizopus oryzae lipase Á Structured lipids Abbreviations FFA Free fatty acid(s) L Long-chain fatty acid(s) M Medium-chain fatty acid(s) MAG Monoacylglycerol(s) MLM Triacylglycerol(s) containing medium-chain fatty acid at sn-1 and sn-3 positions (M) and a long-chain fatty acid (L) at position sn-2 nROL Native ROL rROL Heterologous ROL ROL Rhizopus oryzae lipase SL Structured lipid(s) TAG Triacylglycerol(s) t

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“…Prolonging the incubation time for more than 24 h did not improve the incorporation levels for both enzyme loads. Similar results were reported by others [14,31].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Production of MLM‐Type Structured Lipids Catalyzed by Immobilized Heterologous Rhizopus oryzae Lipase

Nunes

Pires-Cabral

Guillén

et al. 2010

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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“…The increase in enzyme load will only speed up the reaction, but does not increase the yield of MCT. The same observations were also encountered in the works of Jennings and Akoh [25] and Zhao et al [26] who reported no significant difference from analysis of variance on the various enzyme loads tested. From the economic point of view, it is preferable to choose a low enzyme load for the subsequent works.…”

Section: Effects Of the Different Variables On Mct Synthesissupporting

confidence: 81%

Lipase‐catalyzed production of medium‐chain triacylglycerols from palm kernel oil distillate: Optimization using response surface methodology

Low

Mohamad

Tan

et al. 2007

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Optimization of lipase-catalyzed esterification for the production of medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT) from palm kernel oil distillate and glycerol was carried out in order to determine the factors that have significant effects on the reaction system and MCT yield. Novozyme 435 from Candida antarctica lipase was found to have the highest activity at 52.87 6 0.03 U/g. This lipase also produced the highest MCT yield, which is 56.67%. The effect of different variables on MCT synthesis was studied with a two-level five-factor fractional factorial design. The various variables include (1) reaction temperature, (2) enzyme load, (3) molecular sieves concentration, (4) reaction time and (5) molar substrate ratio. Reaction temperature, reaction time and molar substrate ratio strongly affect MCT synthesis (p ,0.05). However, enzyme load and molecular sieve concentration did not have a significant (p .0.05) influence on MCT yield. Therefore, the significant variables such as reaction temperature, reaction time and molar substrate ratio were further optimized through central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Comparisons between predicted and experimental values from the CCRD optimization procedures revealed good correlation, implying that the quadric response model satisfactorily expressed the percentage yield of MCT in the lipasecatalyzed esterification. The optimum MCT yield is 73.3% by using 2 wt-% enzyme dosage, a molecular sieves concentration of 1 wt-%, a reaction temperature of 90 7C, a reaction time of 10 h and a molar substrate ratio of 4 : 1 (medium-chain fatty acid/ glycerol). Experiments to confirm the predicted results using the optimal parameters were conducted and an MCT yield of 70.21 6 0.18% (n = 3) was obtained.

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“…The 3D surface plot showed maximal wt% TAG and MLCT yield obtained when moderate amounts of enzyme of 8 to 10 wt% was used in the reaction with reaction time less than 12 h. Further increase of enzyme load did not improve much on the percent esterification yield. This indicated that enzyme load was a less significant (2001) and Zhao et al (2007) who also reported no significant difference from analysis of variance on the enzyme load. To be cost effective, it is preferable to choose low enzyme load for the subsequent work.…”

Section: Model Fitting and Anovamentioning

confidence: 89%

Enzymatic Synthesis of Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCT): Optimization of Process Parameters Using Response Surface Methodology

Koh

Tan

Lai

et al. 2008

Food Bioprocess Technol

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The main objective of this study was to understand the effects and relationship amongst four factors, which are reaction temperature, reaction time, enzyme load, and substrate mole ratio with the purpose of producing healthy functional cooking oil for long-term dietary treatment. Lipozyme RM IM lipase-catalyzed esterification of medium-and long-chain triacylglycerols (MLCT) from glycerol and mixtures of capric and oleic acid was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) with a fivelevel, four-factorial design. Reaction temperature, reaction time, and substrate mole ratio strongly affected MLCT synthesis (P<0.01). However, enzyme load did not have a significant (P>0.01) effect on MLCT yield. Comparison between predicted and experimental value from central composite rotatable design optimization procedures revealed good correlation, implying that the reduced cubic polynomial model with backward elimination statistically expressed the percent MLCT yield obtained. The optimum MLCT yield was 59.76% by using 10 wt% enzyme load, reaction temperature of 70°C, reaction time of 14 h, and substrate mole ratio of 3.5:1. Experiments to confirm the predicted results using the optimal parameters showed an MLCT yield of 56.35% (n=2). The choice on the types of fatty acids used in MLCT optimization work greatly influenced the physical and chemical properties of MLCT oil produced. The refined MLCT oil characteristics study showed this oil is suitable to be used for cooking/frying purposes as a high-value added product.

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Lipase catalyzed acidolysis of lard with capric acid in organic solvent

Cited by 63 publications

References 23 publications

Production of MLM‐Type Structured Lipids Catalyzed by Immobilized Heterologous Rhizopus oryzae Lipase

Production of MLM‐Type Structured Lipids Catalyzed by Immobilized Heterologous Rhizopus oryzae Lipase

Lipase‐catalyzed production of medium‐chain triacylglycerols from palm kernel oil distillate: Optimization using response surface methodology

Enzymatic Synthesis of Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCT): Optimization of Process Parameters Using Response Surface Methodology

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