Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of propyl-phenyl acetate: a kinetic and thermodynamic study

The effect of enzyme loading, alcohol/acid ratio and temperature on the enzymatic esterification of levulinic acid with methanol for methyl levulinate production: a kinetic study

“…Similar problems have been presented in other reports, but no major discussion or resolution has been proposed. 18,20,21 Although both k 1 and k 2 decease as R m increases as reported by Alves et al (heptane as the solvent), the value of K e is not identical at each R m . 18 Therefore, the tting should be revised to overcome the problem.…”

“…Similar issues exists in other reports, but further elaboration and analysis is still lacking. [17][18][19]21 Both k 1 and k 2 increase with the increase in C E as per Tomke and Rathod's report, however,…”

“…Based on reaction reversibility and law of mass action, a second-order model has been developed and it has gained much popularity. 8,[17][18][19][20][21] However, during the application of the model, either the rate constants vary with substrate concentration or the equilibrium constant varies with substrate concentration and enzyme loading. [17][18][19]21 Further, irregular variation in the rate and equilibrium constants always occurs when the temperature increases.…”

“…8,[17][18][19][20][21] However, during the application of the model, either the rate constants vary with substrate concentration or the equilibrium constant varies with substrate concentration and enzyme loading. [17][18][19]21 Further, irregular variation in the rate and equilibrium constants always occurs when the temperature increases. 18,20,21 Obviously, it is unreasonable.…”

“…[17][18][19]21 Further, irregular variation in the rate and equilibrium constants always occurs when the temperature increases. 18,20,21 Obviously, it is unreasonable. Toward this, some constraint conditions are added in this study to revise the data analysis, in which the relationship between rate/equilibrium constants and various factors exhibits rationale rules.…”