Lipase/esterase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization: A green polyester synthesis technique

Review – recent development of ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters using aluminum complexes

“…[61] Synthesis of stereoregular PLA from lactide has reported in many literatures. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Aluminum complexes, zinc complexes, Titanium complexes, and other rareearth metal complexes have been using in stereocontrolled ROP of cyclic esters. Among these complexes, aluminum complexes are proving more popular due to the facile nature of the preparation and relatively high degree of stereoregularity in the ROP of lactide.…”

“…trimethylene carbonate, and other cyclic ester. [1,2] Due to effective influences of microstructure, molecular weight, and polydispersity indexes (PDIs) on polyester physicochemical properties, the controlled/living ROP for synthesis of polyester which enables the ready to control these parameters attracted an extraordinary amount of research recently. [3][4][5][6] During the last two decades, the improvement in catalyst makes it possible to design and synthesis of polyester.…”

“…There are many comprehensive reviews [1][2][3][4][5][6] on lipase/esterase-catalyzed ROP, [1] metal-catalyzed immortal ROP of lactones, lactides and cyclic carbonates, [2] stereocontrolled ring-opening polymerization of lactide [5] and recent advances in the synthesis and application of various poly(ester)s by ROP. [6,[44][45][46][47][48] However, the technology of ROP develops rapidly, many novel aluminum complexes have been designed, synthesized, and applied in initiating ROP of cyclic esters and new stereoregular polymerization mechanisms of lactide polymerization have been reported.…”

Castor Oil Based Epoxy/Clay Nanocomposite for Advanced Applications

“…However, in spite of such versatility, some of the disadvantages like low toughness, high brittleness and non-biodegradability restricting their utilizations in many advanced applications. Also, the global concern regarding the degradability of polymeric materials in environment compelled the scientists to explore the renewable resources in the production of useful materials (Velayutham et al, 2012;Yang et al, 2011;Biermann et al, 2000;Mungroo et al, 2008;Singh, et al, 2012). Therefore, to overcome such limitations, bio based epoxy resins were produced from vegetable oils.…”

Modification of oligo-Ricinoleic Acid and Its Derivatives with 10-Undecenoic Acid via Lipase-Catalyzed Esterification

“…oligo-Ricinoleic acid and its derivatives (including PGPR [8]) are readily formed using lipases under nonaqueous media and moderate operating conditions; e.g., 50-80 °C and near-ambient pressure [9]. Reviewed elsewhere, enzymes, particularly lipases, are potentially valuable biocatalysts for catalyzing polymer synthesis, providing a "green" manufacturing route to polymer synthesis, and imparting unique selectivity toward polymerization, including the preparation of optically pure polymers (reviewed in [10][11][12][13][14][15]). Biocatalytic synthesis of polymers is very attractive from a sustainability perspective, due to its reduction of energy costs (through employment of moderate temperatures), safer operating conditions, and the reduction of waste materials enriched in acids, bases, and metal catalysts that can harm the environment.…”