Lipid Accumulation Product is Related to Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract

• ▶ polycystic ovary syndrome • ▶ metabolic syndrome • ▶ lipid accumulation product Lipid Accumulation Product is Related to Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome are exposed to risk factors at a younger age [ 9 ] . Early and accurate identifi cation of high-risk individuals for MS could be important to predict and prevent CVD and type 2 diabetes. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop a simple, accurate and economic predictor for MS in PCOS. The lipid accumulation product (LAP), which was fi rst described by Kahn [ 10 ] , is based on a combination of waist circumference (WC) and serum triglycerides (TG) and serves as a simple index for lipid over accumulation in adults. High levels of LAP are associated with CVD, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes [ 11 , 12 ] . In healthy population, LAP is a powerful marker of MS [ 13 , 14 ] , however, to the best of our knowledge, there is currently limited research on the relationship between LAP and MS in women with PCOS. Thus, we aim to investigate the ability of LAP to identify MS in PCOS patients. . It is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovary morphology [ 2 , 3 ] .The etiology of PCOS is still not very clear, however, previous studies have shown that insulin resistance (IR) and central obesity are key pathological factors of PCOS [ 4 , 5 ] . PCOS is not only the reproductive endocrine disease, but also metabolic disorder. Patients with PCOS are often accompanied by metabolic abnormalities, such as dyslipidemia, obesity, and glucose intolerance, which are also components of the metabolic syndrome (MS) [ 6 ] . MS is a cluster of metabolic disorders associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and central or abdominal obesity is considered a fundamental pathology for the MS. Many of the anthropometric and metabolic abnormalities of PCOS overlap with components of MS, and PCOS patients are at increased risk of having MS [ 7 ] . Adults with MS are at a greater risk of developing CVD [ 8 ] . PCOS women with MS may be at even greater risk for CVD because they Materials and Methods

Lipid accumulation product is associated with metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

“…35 If we take into consideration that BMI was not shown to be an accurate predictor of the risk of obesity-related diseases, 36 our results are in line with other studies that found WC to be an important clinical predictor of the MetS in respective PCOS populations. 10,16 Our results, obtained three international criteria for the MetS, are in line with the results of other authors attributing to the WC a high accuracy of prediction of MetS irrespectively of the cut-off values for WC. Although our data showed that WC and BMI shared the same level of accuracy, WC had higher sensitivity in predicting MetS, particularly when the IDF and JIS criteria are used.…”

“…21,23,29 Among women with PCOS, low HDL was confirmed in many studies and shown to be one of the most frequent among single abnormalities in MetS. 9,15,16,25,28,37 Our results confirmed an abnormal HDL concentration within a selected cohort of Europid women with PCOS and MetS. Furthermore, HDL was shown to be an accurate marker, and together with LAP, the one most powerfully associated with MetS using either NCEP-ATP III, IDF or JIS criteria.…”

“…13 Besides the confirmed diagnostic accuracy of LAP in predicting MetS among non-diabetic adults in a Europid population, 14 in PCOS women this novel index was shown to be associated with HOMA index 33 and impaired glucose tolerance, 15 mostly in Caucasian women, and MetS was defined by IDF criteria in Chinese women. 16 However, a study by Xiang et al is the only one demonstrating the relation between LAP and MetS in PCOS, and even though without data for the respective controls, this could account for the high prevalence of MetS shown in this selected Chinese population. 16 Our mean value for LAP of 28.9 in the whole group of PCOS women is similar to the values shown in the other Europid-based study on PCOS women.…”

“…16 However, a study by Xiang et al is the only one demonstrating the relation between LAP and MetS in PCOS, and even though without data for the respective controls, this could account for the high prevalence of MetS shown in this selected Chinese population. 16 Our mean value for LAP of 28.9 in the whole group of PCOS women is similar to the values shown in the other Europid-based study on PCOS women. 15 When we used the cut-off value of 25.9 for LAP in the multivariate analyses for each of the three international criteria for the MetS used, the same five indicators for the MetS were fully validated.…”

“…LAP was confirmed to be a powerful marker of MetS 14 and diabetes 13 in the general population. Recently, LAP was suggested as being associated with impaired glucose tolerance 15 and MetS 16 in women with PCOS.…”