Lipid and fatty acid profiles of gametes and spawned gonads of Arbacia dufresnii (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): sexual differences in the lipids of nutritive phagocytes

Vivar, M. Enriqueta Díaz de; Zarate, Erica; Rubilar, Tamara; Epherra, Lucía; Avaro, Marisa; Sewell, Mary A.

doi:10.1007/s00227-019-3544-y

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Sample Preparation. Samples were prepared by using a modified protocol published in the study by de Vivar et al 33 A 50 g sample of frozen grape berries (n = 3) was lyophilized for 48 h using a Christ Alpha 2−4 LD plus freeze-dryer (Martin Christ, Germany). Lyophilized samples were homogenized, and 10 mg was weighed in a 1.5 mL microcentrifuge tube and kept in a −80 °C freezer until extraction.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics to Investigate the Effect of Mechanical Shaking on Sauvignon Blanc Berry Metabolism

Schwendel

Anekal

Zarate

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Previous commercial studies carried out in New Zealand showed that mechanical shaking significantly reduced the incidence of Botrytis cinerea infection in wine grapes. However, the reasons behind this reduction are not well understood. Here, we employed a metabolomics approach to gain insights into the biochemical changes that occur in grape berries due to mechanical shaking. Berry samples were analyzed using three different analytical approaches including gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (MS), liquid chromatography and MS, and imaging mass spectrometry (IMS). Combined data provided a comprehensive overview of metabolic changes in grape berry, indicating the initiation of different stress mitigation strategies to overcome the effect of mechanical shaking. Berry primary metabolism was distinctly altered in the green berries in response to mechanical shaking, while secondary metabolism significantly changed in berries collected after veraison. Pathway analysis showed upregulation of metabolites related to nitrogen and lipid metabolism in the berries from shaken vines when compared with controls. From IMS data, we observed an accumulation of different groups of metabolites including phenolic compounds and amino and fatty acids in the areas near to the skin of berries from shaken vines. This observation suggests that mechanical shaking caused an accumulation of these metabolites, which may be associated with the formation of a protective barrier, leading to the reduction in B. cinerea infection in berries from mechanically shaken vines.

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Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics to Investigate the Effect of Mechanical Shaking on Sauvignon Blanc Berry Metabolism

Schwendel

Anekal

Zarate

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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show abstract

“…In addition, SAB-13 activated caspase-9 shortly after treatment and prior to caspase-3 (Figure 8). It has been previously shown that the modification of existing drugs in order to assign them mitochondria-targeting properties (i.e., conjugation with the mitochondria-specific carrier molecule) significantly increases their activity towards cancer cells [51,52]. Moreover, these drugs were reported to be able to overcome the drug resistance to standard medications [51,52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the crystal structure of echinochrome A (CCDC ID NERLUS code) [50,51]. The structures of Eam A and Eam B were obtained using the molecular editor of the MOE 2019.01 [52] program. The structures of the spinochromes were optimised with the forcefield MMFF94, and the structures of the protomers in the aqueous phase were calculated using MOE 2019.01 software.…”

Section: Molecular Dockingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinoderms Metabolites: Structure, Functions and Biomedical Perspectives

2021

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Echinoderms are unique sources of different metabolites having a wide spectrum of biological activities.All echinoderms possess a unique mechanism of decreasing the lever of free 5,6-unsaturated sterols in their cell membranes -sulfation of these food sterols. Moreover, sea cucumbers and starfish transform these 5,6-unsaturated sterols into stanols or 7,8-unsaturated sterols that allow them to synthesize and keep their own 5,6-sterol-depending membranolytic toxins, namely triterpene oligoglycosides for sea cucumbers and steroid olygoglycosides for starfish, which have protective significance for the producers. Starfish and brittle stars have numerous polyhydoxysteroids and their sulfated and glycosylated derivatives, using them as food emulgators.All echinoderms contain carotenoids and naphthoquinone pigments. The latter are widely presented in sea urchins. The lipid composition of echinoderms is also uncommon and very interesting. For example, they contain cerebrosides and gangliosides characteristic of other deuterostomes, including Chordata, Hemichordata, and Tunicata, relatives of echinoderms. Echinoderms contain lectins, glycan-specific glycoproteins with immunity functions for the producers, and glycoseaminoglycans.Microorganisms associated with some echninoderms and adopted into their toxins may also produce very uncommon metabolites, such as diterpene glycosides synthesized by some fungi associated with sea cucumbers. All the listed as well as other classes of echinoderm metabolites possess significant biomedical potential revealing cytotoxic, antitumor, antifungal, immunomodulatory, antioxidant activity, anti-arthritic, and anti-diabetic action and may also be used as a food supplement for nutrition. The main goal of this Special Issue, "Echinoderm Metabolites: Structure, Functions, and Biomedical Perspectives", is to provide a convenient platform for discussion of all possible scientific aspects concerning low molecular weight and biopolymer metabolites from echinoderms and the microorganisms associated with them, including their isolation and chemical structures, taxonomical distribution and participation in food chains, methods of analysis, biological activities, biosynthesis and evolution, biological functions, and chemical syntheses, including the obtaining of semi-synthetic derivatives of biologically active natural products.

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“…This might indicate that sea urchin needs to accumulate more PUFA such as EPA in the gonad with gonad growth and development, especially in females, for spawning during the mature period. Sex was considered as the main factor affecting fatty acid profile in the gonads of sea urchin Arbacia dufresnii 37 , and these differences might also affect the spawning and egg quality of Chinese prawn Penaeus chinensis 38,39 . Cyp2j2, Cyp2u1, and Cyp3a14 are members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of oxygenases, which catalyze many reactions involved in the metabolism of drugs and other xenobiotics, as well as in the synthesis of cholesterol, steroids, and the hydroxylation of fatty acids and fatty acid metabolites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses identify critical genes in eicosapentaenoic acid biosynthesis and metabolism in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius

Wang

Ding

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Gonads are the only edible part of the sea urchin and have great potential as a health-promoting food for human consumption. polyunsaturated fatty acids (pUfAs) are important necessary nutrients that determine not only the nutritional value of sea urchins but guarantee their normal growth and reproduction. However, the information on the molecular mechanisms of PUFA biosynthesis and metabolism in this species remains elusive. In this study, we used Strongylocentrotus intermedius as our model species and conducted integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of potentially critical genes involved in PUFA biosynthesis and metabolism during gonad growth and development, mainly focusing on eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). We found six differentially accumulated metabolites associated with PUFA in the metabolomic analysis. More differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were related to PUFA in testis than ovary (1823 DEGs in testis and 1499 DEGs in ovary). We verified 12 DEGs by RNA-Seq results and found that Aldh7a1, Ecm3, Fads2, and Hsd17b12 genes had similar expression patterns in EPA concentration during gonad growth and development. In contrast, the other DEGs were downregulated and we inferred that epA or pUfA may be metabolized as energy during certain periods. our metabolic and genetic data will facilitate a better understanding of pUfA regulation networks during gonad growth and development in S. intermedius. The gonads which produce roe are the only edible part of the sea urchins and have great potential to promote benfites to human health 1,2. The sea urchin gonads have high nutritional value and possess several essential nutrients like protein, lipids, polysaccharides, fatty acids, minierlas and vitamins. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are one of ' the most important and necessary nutrients, with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) as the main component among the PUFAs. Many biophysical studies have revealed that PUFAs significantly alter the basic properties of membranes such as acyl chain order, fluidity, elastic compressibility, phase behavior and permeability 3,4 , and play a beneficial role in stabilizing dynamic membrane 5 , membrane organization and cell division 6. In addition, some PUFAs have significant influence on the production of eicosanoids, which involved in the body's inflammatory response and homeostatic processes, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular diseases 7,8. The potential of PUFA in stimulating bone, brain and immune cell development at embryonic through to early phases of the animal's life could significantly improve productivity and welfare 9. In marine invertebrates, PUFAs play a key role in metabolic health and influence various cellular processes, such as serving as a repository for energy reserves or regulating gene expression of metabolic disorders 10. It is believed that PUFAs could be synthesized in marine invertebrates 11 , such as mollusks, in which the biosynthesis of PUFA has been most extensively investigated 12. However, unlike vertebrates, information on

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Lipid and fatty acid profiles of gametes and spawned gonads of Arbacia dufresnii (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): sexual differences in the lipids of nutritive phagocytes

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics to Investigate the Effect of Mechanical Shaking on Sauvignon Blanc Berry Metabolism

Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics to Investigate the Effect of Mechanical Shaking on Sauvignon Blanc Berry Metabolism

Echinoderms Metabolites: Structure, Functions and Biomedical Perspectives

Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses identify critical genes in eicosapentaenoic acid biosynthesis and metabolism in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius

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