Lipid Biosynthesis and Regulation in Jatropha, an Emerging Model for Woody Energy Plants

Ma, Yonghuan; Yin, Zhongcao; Ye, Jian

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-49653-5_7

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Different enzymes involved in FA and lipid biosynthesis have already been identified through genomic and transcriptomic studies (Gu et al ., 2012; Sood and Chauhan, 2015; Ma et al ., 2017); therefore, it is feasible that there are several routes for storage lipid formation in Jatropha seeds. The first route considered in Jatropha cell cultures for glycerolipid assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was the Kennedy pathway.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The initial step of lipid breakdown is catalyzed by lipases, releasing the acyl chains from the TAGs stored in the lipid droplets (here resembling the LBF reaction) located in the cytosol, yielding free FA and glycerol (Huang, 1983; Quettier and Eastmond, 2009; Li‐Beisson et al ., 2013). Glycerol is metabolized to the glycolytic intermediate dihydroxyacetone‐phosphate by the sequential action of the enzymes glycerol kinase and the FAD‐dependent glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase, in the cytosol and the mitochondrial inner membrane, respectively (Eastmond, 2004; Quettier and Eastmond, 2009; Ma et al ., 2017). Dihydroxyacetone‐phosphate is then converted into sugars by the process of gluconeogenesis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model‐assisted identification of metabolic engineering strategies for Jatropha curcas lipid pathways

et al. 2020

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Efficient approaches to increase plant lipid production are necessary to meet current industrial demands for this important resource. While Jatropha curcas cell culture can be used for in vitro lipid production, scaling up the system for industrial applications requires an understanding of how growth conditions affect lipid metabolism and yield. Here we present a bottom-up metabolic reconstruction of J. curcas supported with labeling experiments and biomass characterization under three growth conditions. We show that the metabolic model can accurately predict growth and distribution of fluxes in cell cultures and use these findings to pinpoint energy expenditures that affect lipid biosynthesis and metabolism. In addition, by using constraint-based modeling approaches we identify network reactions whose joint manipulation optimizes lipid production. The proposed model and computational analyses provide a stepping stone for future rational optimization of other agronomically relevant traits in J. curcas.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model‐assisted identification of metabolic engineering strategies for Jatropha curcas lipid pathways

et al. 2020

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“…PEP can be used to fuel lipid biosynthesis controlled by the plastid FAS molecular complex. Thus, plant lipid biosynthesis occurs within plastid organelles, where the Suc catabolism and hexose oxidation are essential steps to provide a carbon source for de novo lipid biosynthesis [125,126]. The disruption of the glycolytic pathway by the antisense silencing of cytosolic Triose-Phosphate Isomerase (TPI, EC 5.3.1.1) caused an increase in Suc, Glc, Glc-6-P, Fru, fumarate, and isocitrate in the roots of silenced TPI genotypes, which was accompanied by an increased in the total lipid concentration [127].…”

Section: Lipids In Carbon Partitioning To the Arbuscular Mycorrhizamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disruption of the glycolytic pathway by the antisense silencing of cytosolic Triose-Phosphate Isomerase (TPI, EC 5.3.1.1) caused an increase in Suc, Glc, Glc-6-P, Fru, fumarate, and isocitrate in the roots of silenced TPI genotypes, which was accompanied by an increased in the total lipid concentration [127]. In parallel to PEP from glycolysis, alternate Suc catabolism sub-products, such as Glc-6-P, can be translocated into the plastids and can subsequently be used to synthesize PEP (Figure 2) in the stroma by plastidic glycolysis to support lipid biosynthesis [126,128].…”

Section: Lipids In Carbon Partitioning To the Arbuscular Mycorrhizamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Updated Review on the Modulation of Carbon Partitioning and Allocation in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Plants

et al. 2021

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate biotrophs that supply mineral nutrients to the host plant in exchange for carbon derived from photosynthesis. Sucrose is the end-product of photosynthesis and the main compound used by plants to translocate photosynthates to non-photosynthetic tissues. AMF alter carbon distribution in plants by modifying the expression and activity of key enzymes of sucrose biosynthesis, transport, and/or catabolism. Since sucrose is essential for the maintenance of all metabolic and physiological processes, the modifications addressed by AMF can significantly affect plant development and stress responses. AMF also modulate plant lipid biosynthesis to acquire storage reserves, generate biomass, and fulfill its life cycle. In this review we address the most relevant aspects of the influence of AMF on sucrose and lipid metabolism in plants, including its effects on sucrose biosynthesis both in photosynthetic and heterotrophic tissues, and the influence of sucrose on lipid biosynthesis in the context of the symbiosis. We present a hypothetical model of carbon partitioning between plants and AMF in which the coordinated action of sucrose biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism plays a role in the generation of hexose gradients to supply carbon to AMF, and to control the amount of carbon assigned to the fungus.

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“…The synthesis of fatty acids in plants occurs mainly in plastids by the condensation of malonyl-CoA by KAS enzymes, of which isoform II is responsible for final elongation step in the form of plastids C16:0 ACP to C18:0 ACP (MA et al, 2017). It has been reported that at mature stages of development of Jatropha curcas seeds, the expression of KASII gene tends to be highly induced (GU et al, 2012); once the fatty acid is elongated from C16 to C18, it can subsequently undergo desaturation for obtaining unsaturated fatty acids (WEI et al 2012).…”

Section: Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression analysis of genes involved in the synthesis of oleic and linoleic acids in Jatropha cinerea seeds from Northwestern Mexico

et al. 2018

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Plants belonging to genus Jatropha has arisen interest because of its high oil content that could be used to produce biodiesel. It is also widely reported that the main fatty acids in Jatropha oilseed are oleic and linoleic acids. However, there are scarce studies related to native species of Jatropha from Northwestern Mexico which are adapted to arid conditions, and the expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis for these species is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the expression of five genes, ACP1, KASII, D9SD, FAD2-1 and FAD2-2, which are involved in the oleic and linoleic acids synthesis in mature wild-seeds of Jatropha cinerea, a native species from Sonoran Desert, using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The J. cinerea seeds were randomly collected in Bahía de Kino, Sonora (México) which is a region characterized by its harsh environments such as saline soils and extreme temperature changes and J. curcas mature seeds from a non-toxic variety from Veracruz, Mexico were used as a reference. The RT-PCR analysis of three biological replicates were considered to ensure data consistent. Our analysis showed a higher expression of KASII and FAD2-1 genes in J. cinerea seeds compared to J. curcas, meanwhile the expression of ACP1, D9SD and FAD2-2 were higher in J. curcas. Furthermore, Actin and FAD2-1 genes sequences here obtained are the first reported for J. cinerea, thus providing information to develop further studies.

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Lipid Biosynthesis and Regulation in Jatropha, an Emerging Model for Woody Energy Plants

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Model‐assisted identification of metabolic engineering strategies for Jatropha curcas lipid pathways

Model‐assisted identification of metabolic engineering strategies for Jatropha curcas lipid pathways

An Updated Review on the Modulation of Carbon Partitioning and Allocation in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Plants

Expression analysis of genes involved in the synthesis of oleic and linoleic acids in Jatropha cinerea seeds from Northwestern Mexico

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