Lipid composition of tracheobronchial secretions from normal individuals and patients with cystic fibrosis

Slomiany, Amalia; Murty, V.L.N.; Aono, Mitsuru; Snyder, Carol E.; Herp, Anthony; Slomiany, Bronislaw L.

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(82)90196-5

Cited by 70 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…29 Slomiany et al reported that bronchial secretions consisted of similar quantities of neutral lipids and glycolipids. 30 Here we demonstrate that detailed analysis of Raman spectra ͑see Fig. 3͒ obtained from bronchial mucus reveals triolein as the major component of bronchial mucus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Raman microspectroscopic mapping studies of human bronchial tissue

Koljenović¹,

Schut²,

Meerbeeck³

et al. 2004

J. Biomed. Opt.

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Characterization of the biochemical composition of normal bronchial tissue is a prerequisite for understanding the biochemical changes that accompany histological changes during lung cancer development. In this study, 12 Raman microspectroscopic mapping experiments are performed on frozen sections of normal bronchial tissue. Pseudocolor Raman images are constructed using principal component analysis and K-means cluster analysis. Subsequent comparison of Raman images with histologic evaluation of stained sections enables the identification of the morphologic origin (e.g., bronchial mucus, epithelium, fibrocollagenous stroma, smooth muscle, glandular tissue, and cartilage) of the spectral features. Raman spectra collected from the basal side of epithelium consistently show higher DNA contributions and lower lipid contributions when compared with superficial epithelium spectra. Spectra of bronchial mucus reveal a strong signal contribution of lipids, predominantly triolein. These spectra are almost identical to the spectra obtained from submucosal glands, which suggests that the bronchial mucus is mainly composed of gland secretions. Different parts of fibrocollagenous tissue are distinguished by differences in spectral contributions from collagen and actin/myosin. Cartilage is identified by spectral contributions of glycosaminoglycans and collagen. As demonstrated here, in situ analysis of the molecular composition of histologic structures by Raman microspectroscopic mapping creates powerful opportunities for increasing our fundamental understanding of tissue organization and function. Moreover, it provides a firm basis for further in vitro and in vivo investigations of the biochemical changes that accompany pathologic transformation of tissue.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Raman microspectroscopic mapping studies of human bronchial tissue

Koljenović¹,

Schut²,

Meerbeeck³

et al. 2004

J. Biomed. Opt.

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“…This can cause a relatively high minimum surface tension. 32 There is evidence for the alveolar origin of the phospholipids in tracheal aspirates, as well as for the local production of airway phospholipids by submucosal gland respiratory cells. 33,34 Consistent amounts of saline (2.0 mL) were used to clear tracheal aspirate secretions from the suction tubing in a standardized manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tracheal aspirate surface tension in babies with hyaline membrane disease: Effects of synthetic surfactant replacement

et al. 1998

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“…granule membranes [22,23] is thought to be responsible for the inability of the mucins packed inside the secretory granules to swell and pass from the 'condensed' phase (in side the granules) to the 'expanded' gel phase. If mucin expansion does not occur, mucus remains anchored to the surface of the airway epithelium, preventing mucus gel formation and therefore efficient mucociliary transport ( fig.…”

Section: Pathologic Cf Airway Secretionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Functional Properties of Airway Secretions in Cystic Fibrosis – Therapeutic Approaches

Puchelle

Bentzmann

Zahm³

1995

Respiration

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The airway secretions which line the respiratory tract form a biphasic layer composed of an aqueous ‘sol’ layer and a more superficial ‘gel’ layer. In the sol layer, also described as the ‘periciliary’ layer or ‘airway surface fluid’, the cilia beat and relax. The lubricant sol layer enables the gel mucus present at the tips of the cilia to be transported by the ciliary beating of the ciliated cells. Due to difficulties with sampling, little is known about the physical and biochemical properties of the sol layer. The gel layer is composed of high molecular weight glycoproteins (mucins) linked with proteins and lipids. They form a gel network with a high water content (95%) and rheologic and physical properties (viscoelasticity, adhesivity) adapted in normal conditions to protect the airway mucosa, particularly through mucociliary transport. The adhesive properties of mucus, which are influenced by its lipid composition and degree of hydration, are very important in controlling the efficacy of mucus transport through ciliary activity and coughing. An intermediate viscosity and elasticity is required for optimal mucociliary transport. In obstructive airway diseases, either of genetic origin, such as cystic fibrosis (CF), or acquired (acute or chronic bronchitis), and particularly during inflammatory and infectious episodes, mucus dehydration is associated with an increase in secreted or transudated molecules and with marked augmentation of DNA content. These abnormalities contribute to the increased viscosity and adhesivity of the airway secretions and are responsible for their abnormally low transport rate by ciliary activity and for inefficient cough clearance. In view of these alterations in the physical and functional properties of CF airway secretions, pharmacologic approaches should aim to rehydrate the mucus and to restore normal mucociliary or cough transport by stimulating chloride ion secretion (i.e. using UTP or ATP associated with amiloride in order to block sodium ion and water reabsorption). During acute episodes of infection, recombinant human DNase (rhDNase) may rapidly prevent mucus stasis by improving its rheologic properties. Lubrication of the mucus at the sol phase interface by ‘surfactant’ therapy may also represent a very promising therapeutic perspective to reduce the hyperviscosity and hyperadhesivity of airway secretions.

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Lipid composition of tracheobronchial secretions from normal individuals and patients with cystic fibrosis

Cited by 70 publications

References 19 publications

Raman microspectroscopic mapping studies of human bronchial tissue

Raman microspectroscopic mapping studies of human bronchial tissue

Tracheal aspirate surface tension in babies with hyaline membrane disease: Effects of synthetic surfactant replacement

Physical and Functional Properties of Airway Secretions in Cystic Fibrosis – Therapeutic Approaches

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