Lipid disorders among Black Africans non-users of lipid-lowering medication

Borgo, Mariana Veronez; Baldo, Marcelo Perim; Alvim, Rafael de Oliveira; Zaniqueli, Divanei; Capingana, Daniel P.; Magalhães, Pedro; Silva, Amilcar Bernardo da; Oliosa, Polyana Romano; Sartório, Carmem Luíza; Mill, José Geraldo

doi:10.20945/2359-3997000000076

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), mainly ischaemic heart disease and stroke, are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally and in Sub-Saharan Africa [1][2][3]. Dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (DM) are major risk factors for CVDs [2,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (DM) are major risk factors for CVDs [2,4]. Dyslipidaemia drives the process of atherosclerosis [1] and is a significant modifiable risk factor among persons with hypertension and diabetes [5][6][7]. Dyslipidaemia, through its associated complications, accounts for over 2 million annual deaths and nearly 30 million disabilities globally [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High prevalence of dyslipidaemia among persons with diabetes mellitus and hypertension at a tertiary hospital in Blantyre, Malawi

Katundu

Mukhula

Phiri

et al. 2022

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Dyslipidaemia drives the process of atherosclerosis, and hence a significant modifiable risk factor complicating hypertension and diabetes. In Malawi, the prevalence, screening and management of dyslipidaemia among persons with diabetes mellitus have not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, biochemical characteristics, screening and management practices for dyslipidaemia among persons with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus and hypertension comorbidity at Queen Elizabeth Central hospital in Blantyre, Malawi. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2021. A total of 256 adult participants (diabetes mellitus = 100); hypertension = 100; both conditions = 56) were included. Medical data and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Blood samples were analysed for HbA1C and serum lipids. Associated risk factors for dyslipidaemia were also assessed. Results Dyslipidaemia was prevalent in 58%, 55%, and 70% of participants with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and both conditions. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) dyslipidaemia was the most common in all participant groups. Participants with both diabetes and hypertension had 2.4 times (95% CI 1.2–4.6) increased risk of LDL-C dyslipidaemia than those with diabetes alone (p < 0.02). Being overweight or obese and age over 30 years were risk factors for dyslipidaemia in participants with diabetes mellitus alone (OR 1.3 (95% CI 1.1–1.6), p < 0.04, and OR 2.2 (95% CI 1.2–4.7) (p < 0.01), respectively. Overweight and obesity predicted LDL-C dyslipidaemia in hypertensive patients (OR 3.5 (95% CI 1.2–9.9) p < 0.001). Poorly controlled hypertension and the use of beta-blockers and thiazide diuretics predicted dyslipidaemia among patients with both diabetes mellitus and hypertension (OR 6.50 CI 1.45–29.19; and OR 5.20 CI 1.16–23.36 respectively). None of the participants had a lipogram performed before the study or were on lipid-lowering therapy. Conclusions Dyslipidaemia with LDL-C derangement was highly prevalent, especially in individuals with both diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and there was absent use of lipid-lowering therapy. Screening and managing dyslipidaemia should be reinforced to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications in this population at increased risk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of dyslipidaemia among persons with diabetes mellitus and hypertension at a tertiary hospital in Blantyre, Malawi

Katundu

Mukhula

Phiri

et al. 2022

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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“…In recent reports, black Africans who did not use lipid-lowering drugs experienced high blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, elevated TC, and increased LDL-C; low HDL-C was reported in females compared with males, and hypercholesterolemia was observed among males compared with females [13]. Similarly, TC, TG, LDL-C, and the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio were greater among males [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Lipid Profile Alterations and Predisposing factors associated with Cardiovascular Diseases at Kibagabaga District Hospital, Rwanda: A cross sectional study

Yadufashije,

Yolanda,

Mwanzia

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a public health concern. The World Health Organization reported that approximately 17.9 million deaths result from CVD annually, accounting for 31% of all deaths globally. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 100 simple randomly selected participants was conducted. Blood samples were collected to analyze lipid profiles, such as high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels, of participants at the Kibagabaga District Hospital Biochemistry Laboratory. The questionnaire was used to record the predisposing factors associated with CVDs. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 was used for data analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for mean differences, while the chi-square test was used to assess associations between variables. Results: Most of the participants (38%) were aged 51-60 years and were male (51%) or female (49%). Coronary heart disease (CHD) was the most prevalent CVD (62%) and affected 32% of males and 30% of females, while it accounted for 27% of the population aged 51-60 years. In all the four CVDs, LDL-C had the highest abnormal cases and stood at 97% (n=100), with 59 cases in CHD (n=62), 20 cases in stroke (n=20), 10 cases (n=10) in Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD), and 8 cases (n=8) in Heart Failure (HF). The mean difference resulting from the variation in abnormal lipid profiles according to age group (Fcal=14.54327, p=0.001328; Fcrit=4.066181) and sex (Fcal=57.02564, p=0.000971; Fcrit=6.591382) was statistically significant. Alterations in HDL-C (x2=17, p=0.000698, 95% CI: 2.1, 22.9) were significantly associated with CVD incidence. Among the predisposing factors, only hypertension [(x2=10, 95% CI: (3.6, 21.4), p=0.01853] was significantly associated with CVD incidence. Conclusion: Coronary heart disease was a common CVD, and alterations in lipid profiles were observed among CVD patients, with LDL-C being the most abnormal. Among the predisposing factors, hypertension was the significant contributing risk factor to CVDs. Regular monitoring of lipid profiles is recommended, and patients should respect the advice of physicians to prevent long-term morbidity and further complications of the disease.

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