Lipid droplet‐mediated lipid and protein homeostasis in budding yeast

Graef, Martin

doi:10.1002/1873-3468.12996

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 116 publications

(211 reference statements)

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“…Thus, the molecular basis for the physical separation of stationary phase population into two subpopulations with different density is still unclear. In fact, lipids, which accumulate upon proliferation cessation, have a major influence on cell density (Sandager et al, 2002;Singh and Li, 2017;Graef, 2018) and may be involved in the above-described cell partitioning. In addition, daughter cells are much smaller than mother cells (Jorgensen and Tyers, 2004).…”

Section: Box 2 Cells Decide To Enter Quiescence Before Completion Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cell biology of quiescent yeast – a diversity of individual scenarios

Sagot

Laporte

2019

Journal of Cell Science

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Most cells, from unicellular to complex organisms, spend part of their life in quiescence, a temporary non-proliferating state. Although central for a variety of essential processes including tissue homeostasis, development and aging, quiescence is poorly understood. In fact, quiescence encompasses various cellular situations depending on the cell type and the environmental niche. Quiescent cell properties also evolve with time, adding another layer of complexity. Studying quiescence is, above all, limited by the fact that a quiescent cell can be recognized as such only after having proved that it is capable of re-proliferating. Recent cellular biology studies in yeast have reported the relocalization of hundreds of proteins and the reorganization of several cellular machineries upon proliferation cessation. These works have revealed that quiescent cells can display various properties, shedding light on a plethora of individual behaviors. The deciphering of the molecular mechanisms beyond these reorganizations, together with the understanding of their cellular functions, have begun to provide insights into the physiology of quiescent cells. In this Review, we discuss recent findings and emerging concepts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae quiescent cell biology.

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Section: Box 2 Cells Decide To Enter Quiescence Before Completion Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cell biology of quiescent yeast – a diversity of individual scenarios

Sagot

Laporte

2019

Journal of Cell Science

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“…Lipid droplets may protect aging cells against stress. LDs have been implicated in offering protection from several types of cellular stresses 25 . This led us to explore whether the accumulation of LDs in aging cells provides any benefit to old cells.…”

Section: Lipid Droplets Accumulate During Yeast Replicative Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent regulation of age associated fat accumulation and longevity

et al. 2020

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Age-dependent changes in metabolism can manifest as cellular lipid accumulation, but how this accumulation is regulated or impacts longevity is poorly understood. We find that Saccharomyces cerevisiae accumulate lipid droplets (LDs) during aging. We also find that overexpressing BNA2, the first Biosynthesis of NAD + (kynurenine) pathway gene, reduces LD accumulation during aging and extends lifespan. Mechanistically, this LD accumulation during aging is not linked to NAD + levels, but is anti-correlated with metabolites of the shikimate and aromatic amino acid biosynthesis (SA) pathways (upstream of BNA2), which produce tryptophan (the Bna2p substrate). We provide evidence that over-expressed BNA2 skews glycolytic flux from LDs towards the SA-BNA pathways, effectively reducing LDs. Importantly, we find that accumulation of LDs does not shorten lifespan, but does protect aged cells against stress. Our findings reveal how lipid accumulation impacts longevity, and how aging cell metabolism can be rewired to modulate lipid accumulation independently from longevity.

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“…The FA composition of membrane lipids affects biological processes such as lipid packing and membrane fluidity (Graef, 2018). A decrease in unsaturated FAs and a subsequent decrease in membrane fluidity could contribute to salt tolerance (Mansour et al, 2015).…”

Section: Lds Participate In Defense Against Salt Stress By Providing mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Droplets Mediate Salt Stress Tolerance in Parachlorella kessleri 1

et al. 2019

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Microalgae are known to respond to salinity stress via mechanisms that include accumulation of compatible solutes and synthesis of antioxidants. Here, we describe a salinity-tolerance mechanism mediated by lipid droplets (LDs). In the alga Parachlorella kessleri grown under salt-stress conditions, we observed significant increases in cell size and LD content. LDs that were closely grouped along the plasma membrane shrank as the plasma membrane expanded, and some LDs were engulfed by vacuoles. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes encoding lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs) and phospholipase A2 were significantly up-regulated following salt stress. Diacylglycerol kinase and LPLAT were identified in the proteome of salt-induced LDs, alongside vesicle trafficking and plastidial proteins and histone H2B. Analysis of fatty acid composition revealed an enrichment of C18:1 and C18:2 at the expense of C18:3 in response to salt stress. Pulse-chase experiments further suggested that variations of fatty acid composition were associated with LDs. Acetate stimulation research further confirmed a positive role of LDs in cell growth under salt stress. These results suggest that LDs play important roles in salt-stress tolerance, through harboring proteins, participating in cytoplasmic component recycling, and providing materials and enzymes for membrane modification and expansion.

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Lipid droplet‐mediated lipid and protein homeostasis in budding yeast

Cited by 47 publications

References 116 publications

The cell biology of quiescent yeast – a diversity of individual scenarios

The cell biology of quiescent yeast – a diversity of individual scenarios

Independent regulation of age associated fat accumulation and longevity

Lipid Droplets Mediate Salt Stress Tolerance in Parachlorella kessleri 1

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