Lipid Emulsions in Parenteral Nutrition

Adolph, M.

doi:10.1159/000012761

Cited by 93 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…There are many reports showing the advantage of n-3 PUFAs as a component of various types of enteral and parenteral lipid emulsions. This is why lipids in clinical nutrition can influence inflammation, susceptibility to infection, immune cell function, and thus affect immunological response, cachexia, and exert beneficial effects on the whole organism, which can then fight better against inflammation and cancer 154 . Lipid emulsions containing n-3 PUFAs like Omegaven, SMOFlipid or artificial structural triglycerides are well tolerated, modulate the fatty acid and eicosanoid pattern and oxidative metabolism in the body, suggesting anti-inflammatory, immunosupportive and other favourable effects 155 .…”

Section: Practical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) in the regulation of colon cell growth and cell death: A review

Skender¹,

Vaculová²,

Hofmanová³

2012

BIOMED PAP

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Background. Experimental, epidemiological and clinical data substantiate the beneficial role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in preventing inflammation and cancer of the colon. This review covers the unsaturated docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA), describes some of its important cellular and molecular mechanisms, its interaction with another dietary lipid, butyrate and with endogenous apoptotic regulators of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family. We also discuss the clinical impact of this knowledge and the use of these lipids in colon cancer prevention and treatment. Results. From the literature, DHA has been shown to suppress the growth, induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells in vitro and decrease the incidence and growth of experimental tumours in vivo. Based on these data and our own experimental results, we describe and discuss the possible mechanisms of DHA anticancer effects at various levels of cell organization. We show that DHA can sensitize colon cancer cells to other chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agents and affect the action of physiological apoptotic regulators of the TNF family. Conclusion. Use of n-3 PUFAs could be a relatively non-toxic form of supportive therapy for improving colon cancer treatment and slowing down or preventing its recurrence. However, it is necessary to use them with caution, based on solid scientific evidence of their mechanisms of action from the molecular to the cellular and organism levels.

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Section: Practical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) in the regulation of colon cell growth and cell death: A review

Skender¹,

Vaculová²,

Hofmanová³

2012

BIOMED PAP

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“…Conventional fat emulsions for premature neonates are prepared from long-chain triacylglycerols (LCTs), mostly soybean oil. An emulsion based on physical mixtures of LCT and medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCTs) is widely used for the parenteral nutrition of adult patients and provides an energy source that is rapidly oxidized (3). The MCT/LCT emulsion provides less PUFA than an LCT emulsion and thus has been associated with a lower risk of lipid peroxidation and fewer alterations of membrane structures (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic effects of intravenous LCT or MCT/LCT lipid emulsions in preterm infants

Lehner

Demmelmair

Röschinger

et al. 2006

Journal of Lipid Research

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Most lipid emulsions for parenteral feeding of premature infants are based on long-chain triacylglycerols (LCTs), but inclusion of medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCTs) might provide a more readily oxidizable energy source. The influence of these emulsions on fatty acid composition and metabolism was studied in 12 premature neonates, who were randomly assigned to an LCT emulsion (control) or an emulsion with a mixture of MCT and LCT (1:1). On study day 7, all infants received [

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“…Triglyceride levels should be monitored. The infusion must be reduced if levels reach 400 mg/dl-1 and discontinued if levels of 1000 mg/dl-1 are obtained 2 . Despite the respect for these recommendations, however, doses have been adapted for acute cases of severe local anesthetic toxicity.…”

Section: Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipídeos nas intoxicações por anestésicos locais

Udelsmann

Dreyer

Melo

et al. 2012

ABCD, arq. bras. cir. dig.

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-Introduction -With the advent of long-lasting local anesthetics, local and regional anesthesia gained considerable impetus and the use of these techniques has become increasingly widespread. New block techniques have been described and regional anesthesia is frequently associated with general anesthesia to provide postoperative analgesia. In contrast, large doses of local anesthetics are required with the risk of accidents due to inadvertent intravascular injection, which is a severe complication without a specific treatment until a few years ago. In 1998, the use of lipid emulsions was proposed in animals. Since 2006, many studies have demonstrated an interest in these solutions in cases of local anesthetic-induced toxicity with a decrease in morbidity and mortality. The aim of this review article was to research the methodology, reviewing mechanisms, interests, limitations and currently recommended treatment. Method -Some historical references on local anesthetics, articles published during the last 30 years in journals indexed in Medline and in two textbooks were reviewed. Articles on local anesthetic toxicity, lipid emulsion therapy, review articles on the topic and treatment adopted in diverse services and countries were selected, producing a summary. Conclusions -It is no longer necessary to show the effectiveness and interest in lipid emulsion therapy for local anesthetic toxicity. Various specialty societies have already published their guidelines and advice about stocking these products in any setting in which local and regional anesthetic techniques are practiced. ABCDDV/867RESUMO -Introdução -Com o advento dos anestésicos locais de longa duração, a anestesia locorregional ganhou grande impulso sendo cada vez mais utilizada. Novas técnicas de bloqueios foram descritas e a técnica é frequentemente associada à anestesia geral com o objetivo de proporcionar analgesia pós-operatória. A contra-partida é a necessidade da utilização de grandes doses com risco de acidentes por injeção intravascular inadvertida; trata-se de complicação grave sem tratamento específico até há alguns anos. Em 1998 foi proposta a utilização de emulsões lipídicas em animais e a partir de 2006 vários trabalhos demonstraram o interesse dessas soluções nos casos de intoxicações por anestésicos locais com diminuição da morbi-mortalidade. O objetivo desta revisão foi fazer um levantamento da metodologia, revisando os mecanismos, interesses, limites e as condutas preconizadas atualmente. Método -Foram revistas algumas referências históricas sobre anestésicos locais, artigos publicados nos últimos 30 anos em revistas indexadas no Medline e em dois livrostexto. Foram selecionados os artigos que tratavam da intoxicação por anestésicos locais, da terapia com emulsões lipídicas, os de revisão sobre o assunto e as condutas adotadas em diversos serviços e países, sendo realizada uma síntese. Conclusões -A eficiência e interesse da terapia com emulsões lipídicas nas intoxicações por anestésicos locais não é mais a demonstrar; várias soc...

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Lipid Emulsions in Parenteral Nutrition

Cited by 93 publications

References 56 publications

Docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) in the regulation of colon cell growth and cell death: A review

Docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) in the regulation of colon cell growth and cell death: A review

Metabolic effects of intravenous LCT or MCT/LCT lipid emulsions in preterm infants

Lipídeos nas intoxicações por anestésicos locais

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