Lipid-Encapsulated Echium Oil (<i>Echium plantagineum</i>) Increases the Content of Stearidonic Acid in Plasma Lipid Fractions and Milk Fat of Dairy Cows

Bainbridge, Melissa L.; Lock, A.L.; Kraft, Jana

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00857

Cited by 21 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Data reporting the effects of dietary treatments on the FA compositions of TAG and NEFA fractions are scarce, whereas these FA are those available for mammary uptake. Otherwise, a recent study conducted on lactating cows supplemented with Echium oil rich in PUFA reported the absence of an increase in n‐3 PUFA in plasma TAG when the quantity of ingested oil was doubled. These data raised the question of the location of the absorbed dietary FA as well as their metabolism in the plasma.…”

Section: Effects Of Dietary Lipids On Lipid Metabolism In Dairy Ruminmentioning

confidence: 93%

Milk Fat Globule in Ruminant: Major and Minor Compounds, Nutritional Regulation and Differences Among Species

Bernard

Bonnet

Delavaud

et al. 2018

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Recent knowledge is presented on the composition of ruminant milk fat fractions and the nutritional strategies known to alter their amount. The development of lipidomic and proteomic analyses has allowed for the characterization of minor components, such as proteins, liposoluble vitamins, and phospholipids of the milk fat globule (MFG), in addition to the triacylglycerols (TAG), which are the major constituents of the MFG core. Few differences in these components among ruminant species exist, and they have been outlined mainly on the fatty acids (FA) profile of the TAG, whereas comparative data are still lacking on vitamins and proteins. The effects of dietary treatments enriched in n‐3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) on the composition of the milk fat fraction are explored. In particular, pasture and plant oilseeds increase milk n‐3 PUFA and cis‐9,trans‐11 CLA and decrease saturated FA, whereas data with new feed resources, such as algae, are still rare. The peculiarities of the response of the milk fat to diets that induce a milk fat depression in cows but in lesser extent in small ruminants are described. The potential effects of polar lipids, proteins, and liposoluble vitamins of the MFG on human health are reviewed, highlighting the nutraceutical properties of milk. Practical Applications: This review provides an overview of the different components of the milk fat fraction in ruminant species and on nutritional strategies to alter their amounts to improve the nutritional quality of milk. Furthermore, this review presents recent data on species peculiarities of the milk fat fraction composition and of its response to nutritional factors, which offers a promising model to identify news levers of regulation of this fraction and foster the identification of new feeding strategies to better control milk fat composition and feed efficiency. This review synthesizes data on the composition of the milk fat fraction in ruminant species, reports advances in nutritional strategies to alter their amounts and species‐specific responses to nutrition, as well as the potential effects on human health of the major and minor components of this fraction.

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Section: Effects Of Dietary Lipids On Lipid Metabolism In Dairy Ruminmentioning

confidence: 93%

Milk Fat Globule in Ruminant: Major and Minor Compounds, Nutritional Regulation and Differences Among Species

Bernard

Bonnet

Delavaud

et al. 2018

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…FA composition of feed and milk samples was determined as described by Bainbridge et al . [ 26 ]. The content (g/kg) of individual FA in milk was calculated as follows, assuming milk fat to be 93.3% of FA [ 27 ]: Total milk FA yield ( g / d ) = [ Milk fat yield ( kg / d ) x 1000] x 0.933 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content and Composition of Branched-Chain Fatty Acids in Bovine Milk Are Affected by Lactation Stage and Breed of Dairy Cow

et al. 2016

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Dairy products contain bioactive fatty acids (FA) and are a unique dietary source of an emerging class of bioactive FA, branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA). The objective of this study was to compare the content and profile of bioactive FA in milk, with emphasis on BCFA, among Holstein (HO), Jersey (JE), and first generation HO x JE crossbreeds (CB) across a lactation to better understand the impact of these factors on FA of interest to human health. Twenty-two primiparous cows (n = 7 HO, n = 7 CB, n = 8 JE) were followed across a lactation. All cows were fed a consistent total mixed ration (TMR) at a 70:30 forage to concentrate ratio. Time points were defined as 5 days in milk (DIM), 95 DIM, 185 DIM, and 275 DIM. HO and CB had a higher content of n-3 FA at 5 DIM than JE and a lower n-6:n-3 ratio. Time point had an effect on the n-6:n-3 ratio, with the lowest value observed at 5 DIM and the highest at 185 DIM. The content of vaccenic acid was highest at 5 DIM, yet rumenic acid was unaffected by time point or breed. Total odd and BCFA (OBCFA) were higher in JE than HO and CB at 185 and 275 DIM. Breed affected the content of individual BCFA. The content of iso-14:0 and iso-16:0 in milk was higher in JE than HO and CB from 95 to 275 DIM. Total OBCFA were affected by time point, with the highest content in milk at 275 DIM. In conclusion, HO and CB exhibited a higher content of several bioactive FA in milk than JE. Across a lactation the greatest content of bioactive FA in milk occurred at 5 DIM and OBCFA were highest at 275 DIM.

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“…Forage and milk FA compositions were determined by the method of Bainbridge et al (Bainbridge, Lock, & Kraft, 2015). A typical chromatograph produced by this method is presented in Supplemental Figure 1…”

Section: Milk and Forage Fa Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk from cows grazing on cool-season pastures provides an enhanced profile of bioactive fatty acids compared to those grazed on a monoculture of pearl millet

et al. 2017

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The demand for dairy products from grass-fed cows is driven, in part, by their more desirable fatty acid (FA) profile, containing more n-3 FA and conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) than conventionally produced dairy products. This study investigated the effects of pearl millet (PM) vs. cool-season pasture (CSP) on animal performance and milk FA in a grazing system. Eight Holstein dairy cows were used in a repeated measures design with four-week periods. Forage type had no effect on animal performance (estimated dry matter intake, milk production, fat, or protein). The contents of CLA and n-3 FA in a serving of whole milk (3.25% fat) increased when cows grazed CSP compared to PM. A serving of whole milk from cows grazing PM had a higher content of saturated FA and branched-chain FA. In conclusion, the contents of various bioactive FA were higher in milk fat of cows grazing a CSP compared to PM.

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Lipid-Encapsulated Echium Oil (Echium plantagineum) Increases the Content of Stearidonic Acid in Plasma Lipid Fractions and Milk Fat of Dairy Cows

Cited by 21 publications

References 53 publications

Milk Fat Globule in Ruminant: Major and Minor Compounds, Nutritional Regulation and Differences Among Species

Milk Fat Globule in Ruminant: Major and Minor Compounds, Nutritional Regulation and Differences Among Species

Content and Composition of Branched-Chain Fatty Acids in Bovine Milk Are Affected by Lactation Stage and Breed of Dairy Cow

Milk from cows grazing on cool-season pastures provides an enhanced profile of bioactive fatty acids compared to those grazed on a monoculture of pearl millet

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