TMED proteins are eukaryotic transmembrane proteins present in all subcompartments of the early secretory pathway, i.e. the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi and the intermediate compartments. Although essential in the bidirectional protein transport between the ER and Golgi, TMEDs still lack information about their structure, oligomeric state and their interactions with the transport cargo. For the first time, the heterologous expression, biophysical characterization and the high-resolution structure of the human TMED1 GOLD domain are described. The recombinant protein was purified in two chromatographic steps, presenting a satisfactory yield and purity for the biophysical studies. The analysis of the circular dichroism data (CD) showed that, after purification, the protein was folded and that its secondary structure is predominantly composed of β-strands (~44%). The chemical denaturation of its secondary structures was monitored by CD in the region of the far ultraviolet. The protein was chemically stable, and the denaturation curve followed a sigmoid-like profile (cooperative) with a concentration of half transition of approximately 2.8 M urea. Tyrosine intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy was also used to assess the stability in the presence of urea, resulting in a transition occurring at ca. 1.2 M. The protein presented high thermal stability with a melting temperature of about 60 °C and following a transition model of non-two-states, which indicated a probable dissociation of dimer to monomers to unfolded structures. DSF data showed that the ionicstrength was important for the structural stability of the GOLD domain. The protein was successfully crystallized, and its structure determined at a resolution of 1.7 Å. The 3D structure showed the traditional arrangement of the TMED GOLD domains, with a structural organization of a β-sandwich fold composed of two four-strand antiparallel β-sheets connected by a disulphide bond. The curvature of the molecule defines visually two different "sides" in this conformational organization called concave (formed by β2, β7, β4, and β5) and convex sides (formed by β6, β3, β8, and β1). We used the high-resolution structural model of the TMED1 GOLD dimer to perform molecular dynamic simulations, which showed that the dimer was energetically favorable and stable during the simulation time. Dimerization was favored by hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions and π-π interactions. Studies to evaluate the formation of oligomers as a function of the concentration and ionic-strength suggest that the formation of dimers depended on both factors. Here, we propose a model for the anchoring of the dimer to the membrane based on the surface electrostatic charge of the protein. In such a model, the dimer is oriented with its convex side towards the cytosol, which is in accordance with the in vivo model previously reported and that would allow interaction with the ST2 receptor. The fact that the Golgi complex and the ER membranes are enriched in negativelycharged lipids gives potential func...