Lipid Metabolism and Homeostasis in Patients with Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: From Risk Factor to Potential Therapeutic Target

Abstract

Lipid metabolism is known to be involved in tumorigenesis and disease progression in many common cancer types, including colon, lung, breast and prostate, through modifications of lipid synthesis, storage and catabolism. Furthermore, lipid alterations may arise as a consequence of cancer treatment and may have a role in treatment resistance. Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies with increasing incidence, whose mechanisms of cancer initiation and progression are far from being fully understood. Alterations of lipid metabolism may be common across various cancer types, but data about NENs are scattered and heterogeneous. Herein, we provide an overview of the relevant literature on lipid metabolism and alterations in NENs. The available evidence both in basic and clinical research about lipid metabolism in NENs, including therapeutic effects on lipid homeostasis, are summarized. Additionally, the potential of targeting the lipid profile in NEN therapy is also discussed, and areas for further research are proposed.

Epidemiologic trends and survival of early-onset gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

“…Although genetic factors play an important role in early-onset GEP-NENs, it must be acknowledged that the majority of patients have sporadic disease, which means that environmental and behavioral factors might also play a role in the increasing incidence. Obesity and diabetes are consistently recognized as risk factors for site-specific GEP-NENs ( 32 , 33 ). Worldwide trends revealed that the prevalence of obesity among adults increased from 3.2% to 10.8% for men, and from 6.4% to 14.9% for women during 1975–2014 ( 34 ).…”

Serum Lipid Level in Evaluating Chinese Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Retrospective Study

“…In recent years,metabolic reprogramming has become an important marker of tumor.Lipid metabolism plays a crucial role in bioenergetics and biomass formation of tumor cells [7] . More and more studies show that lipid metabolism is the therapeutic target of tumor [8].As a malignant tumor,lipid metabolism has an important effect on p-NENs occurrence and development.In recent years,there have been several clinical and basic studies focusing on lipids and neuroendocrine tumors(NET),some clinical studies have pointed out that blood lipids are correlated with NET in the stomach,small intestine,rectum,etc.Meanwhile,some basic studies have shown that the lipid metabolism of NET may be related to neutrophil-mediated angiogenesis,inflammation, and oxidative stress [9].In this work, we compared clinical features between high lipid level p-NENs patients and normal lipid level p-NENs patients and examined lipid level diagnostic utility in p-NENs.To better understand the role of lipid metabolism in the occurrence and development of pNENs,we utilized EGA data to identify differential lipid metabolism related targets between p-NENs and non-p-NENs and assessed their prognostic value in p-NENs. Our study provides a…”

“…In recent years, several clinical and basic studies have focused on lipids and neuroendocrine tumors (NET); some clinical studies have pointed out that blood lipids are correlated with NET in the stomach, small intestine, rectum, etc. Meanwhile, some basic studies have shown that the lipid metabolism of NET may be related to neutrophil-mediated angiogenesis, inflammation, and oxidative stress 9 . In this work, we compared the clinical features of patients with high lipid level p-NENs with those having normal lipid level p-NENs and examined the diagnostic utility of lipid levels in p-NENs.…”