Lipid Nano- and Microparticles: An Overview of Patent-Related Research

Battaglia, Luigi; Ugazio, Elena

doi:10.1155/2019/2834941

Cited by 79 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In the war against resistant bacterial infections, researchers explored the idea that the bioavailability of many antibacterial drugs were enhanced upon their incorporation within SLNs, such as clarithromycin, rifampicin, tobramycin, and ciprofloxacin [93,94], in addition to many formulation patents reporting the oral use of SLNs loaded with anti-tubercular drugs [95,96].…”

Section: Lipid-based Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomedicine Fight against Antibacterial Resistance: An Overview of the Recent Pharmaceutical Innovations

et al. 2020

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Based on the recent reports of World Health Organization, increased antibiotic resistance prevalence among bacteria represents the greatest challenge to human health. In addition, the poor solubility, stability, and side effects that lead to inefficiency of the current antibacterial therapy prompted the researchers to explore new innovative strategies to overcome such resilient microbes. Hence, novel antibiotic delivery systems are in high demand. Nanotechnology has attracted considerable interest due to their favored physicochemical properties, drug targeting efficiency, enhanced uptake, and biodistribution. The present review focuses on the recent applications of organic (liposomes, lipid-based nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, and polymeric nanoparticles), and inorganic (silver, silica, magnetic, zinc oxide (ZnO), cobalt, selenium, and cadmium) nanosystems in the domain of antibacterial delivery. We provide a concise description of the characteristics of each system that render it suitable as an antibacterial delivery agent. We also highlight the recent promising innovations used to overcome antibacterial resistance, including the use of lipid polymer nanoparticles, nonlamellar liquid crystalline nanoparticles, anti-microbial oligonucleotides, smart responsive materials, cationic peptides, and natural compounds. We further discuss the applications of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, combination drug therapy, nano antibiotic strategy, and phage therapy, and their impact on evading antibacterial resistance. Finally, we report on the formulations that made their way towards clinical application.

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Section: Lipid-based Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomedicine Fight against Antibacterial Resistance: An Overview of the Recent Pharmaceutical Innovations

et al. 2020

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“…definition, inducing the EMA to include all "structures" with sizes of less than 1000 nm, that are designed to have specific properties, 138 can improve site-specific drug delivery and significantly alter toxicological profiles, thus allowing to perform a case-by-case evaluation. 139 Nonetheless, despite the numerous guidelines existing for the validation methods of chemical parameters in such matrixes, suitable implementation of this legislation should require validated analytical methods for nanoparticles' characterization, that, so far, do not exist. 140 Some of the most important clinical trials with new emerging nanomedicines are here reported.…”

Section: Clinical Nanomedicinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Overcoming the Blood–Brain Barrier: Successes and Challenges in Developing Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Brain Tumours</p>

Ferraris¹,

Cavalli²,

Panciani³

et al. 2020

IJN

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High-grade gliomas are still characterized by a poor prognosis, despite recent advances in surgical treatment. Chemotherapy is currently practiced after surgery, but its efficacy is limited by aspecific toxicity on healthy cells, tumour cell chemoresistance, poor selectivity, and especially by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Thus, despite the large number of potential drug candidates, the choice of effective chemotherapeutics is still limited to few compounds. Malignant gliomas are characterized by high infiltration and neovascularization, and leaky BBB (the so-called blood-brain tumour barrier); surgical resection is often incomplete, leaving residual cells that are able to migrate and proliferate. Nanocarriers can favour delivery of chemotherapeutics to brain tumours owing to different strategies, including chemical stabilization of the drug in the bloodstream; passive targeting (because of the leaky vascularization at the tumour site); inhibition of drug efflux mechanisms in endothelial and cancer cells; and active targeting by exploiting carriers and receptors overexpressed at the blood-brain tumour barrier. Within this concern, a suitable nanomedicine-based therapy for gliomas should not be limited to cytotoxic agents, but also target the most important pathogenetic mechanisms, including cell differentiation pathways and angiogenesis. Moreover, the combinatorial approach of cell therapy plus nanomedicine strategies can open new therapeutical opportunities. The major part of attempted preclinical approaches on animal models involves active targeting with protein ligands, but, despite encouraging results, a few number of nanomedicines reached clinical trials, and most of them include drug-loaded nanocarriers free of targeting ligands, also because of safety and scalability concerns.

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“…Both SLNs and NLCs are suited for oral, parenteral and ocular administration, but have been especially successful for dermal drug administration. Indeed, many marketed lipid nanoparticle-based formulations are in the cosmetic field [125].…”

Section: Lipid-based Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Lipid and Metal Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Peptide Delivery

et al. 2019

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been described as excellent candidates to overcome antibiotic resistance. Frequently, AMPs exhibit a wide therapeutic window, with low cytotoxicity and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens. In addition, some AMPs are also able to modulate the immune response, decreasing potential harmful effects such as sepsis. Despite these benefits, only a few formulations have successfully reached clinics. A common flaw in the druggability of AMPs is their poor pharmacokinetics, common to several peptide drugs, as they may be degraded by a myriad of proteases inside the organism. The combination of AMPs with carrier nanoparticles to improve delivery may enhance their half-life, decreasing the dosage and thus, reducing production costs and eventual toxicity. Here, we present the most recent advances in lipid and metal nanodevices for AMP delivery, with a special focus on metal nanoparticles and liposome formulations.

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Lipid Nano- and Microparticles: An Overview of Patent-Related Research

Cited by 79 publications

References 58 publications

Nanomedicine Fight against Antibacterial Resistance: An Overview of the Recent Pharmaceutical Innovations

Nanomedicine Fight against Antibacterial Resistance: An Overview of the Recent Pharmaceutical Innovations

<p>Overcoming the Blood–Brain Barrier: Successes and Challenges in Developing Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Brain Tumours</p>

Advances in Lipid and Metal Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Peptide Delivery

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