Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Carrier-Assisted Targeted Controlled Release mRNA Vaccines in Tumor Immunity

Wu, Liusheng; Li, Xiaoqiang; Qian, Xinye; Wang, Shuang; Liu, Jixian; Yan, Jun

doi:10.3390/vaccines12020186

Vaccines

2024

DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020186

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Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Carrier-Assisted Targeted Controlled Release mRNA Vaccines in Tumor Immunity

Liusheng Wu,

Xiaoqiang Li,

Xinye Qian

et al.

Abstract: In recent years, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have attracted extensive attention in tumor immunotherapy. Targeting immune cells in cancer therapy has become a strategy of great research interest. mRNA vaccines are a potential choice for tumor immunotherapy, due to their ability to directly encode antigen proteins and stimulate a strong immune response. However, the mode of delivery and lack of stability of mRNA are key issues limiting its application. LNPs are an excellent mRNA delivery carrier, and their struct… Show more

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Cited by 48 publications

References 270 publications

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Screening and identification of susceptibility genes for cervical cancer via bioinformatics analysis and the construction of an mitophagy-related genes diagnostic model

Zhang,

Chen,

Deng

2024

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

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Purpose This study aims to utilize bioinformatics methods to systematically screen and identify susceptibility genes for cervical cancer, as well as to construct and validate an mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) diagnostic model. The objective is to increase the understanding of the disease’s pathogenesis and improve early diagnosis and treatment. Method We initially collected a large amount of genomic data, including gene expression profile and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data, from the control group and Cervical cancer (CC) patients. Through bioinformatics analysis, which employs methods such as differential gene expression analysis and pathway enrichment analysis, we identified a set of candidate susceptibility genes associated with cervical cancer. Results MRGs were extracted from single-cell RNA sequencing data, and a network graph was constructed on the basis of intercellular interaction data. Furthermore, using machine learning algorithms, we constructed a clinical prognostic model and validated and optimized it via extensive clinical data. Through bioinformatics analysis, we successfully identified a group of genes whose expression significantly differed during the development of CC and revealed the biological pathways in which these genes are involved. Moreover, our constructed clinical prognostic model demonstrated excellent performance in the validation phase, accurately predicting the clinical prognosis of patients. Conclusion This study delves into the susceptibility genes of cervical cancer through bioinformatics approaches and successfully builds a reliable clinical prognostic model. This study not only helps uncover potential pathogenic mechanisms of cervical cancer but also provides new directions for early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

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Screening and identification of susceptibility genes for cervical cancer via bioinformatics analysis and the construction of an mitophagy-related genes diagnostic model

Zhang,

Chen,

Deng

2024

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

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Progress and prospects of mRNA-based drugs in pre-clinical and clinical applications

Shi,

Wang

et al. 2024

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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In the last decade, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based drugs have gained great interest in both immunotherapy and non-immunogenic applications. This surge in interest can be largely attributed to the demonstration of distinct advantages offered by various mRNA molecules, alongside the rapid advancements in nucleic acid delivery systems. It is noteworthy that the immunogenicity of mRNA drugs presents a double-edged sword. In the context of immunotherapy, extra supplementation of adjuvant is generally required for induction of robust immune responses. Conversely, in non-immunotherapeutic scenarios, immune activation is unwanted considering the host tolerability and high expression demand for mRNA-encoded functional proteins. Herein, mainly focused on the linear non-replicating mRNA, we overview the preclinical and clinical progress and prospects of mRNA medicines encompassing vaccines and other therapeutics. We also highlight the importance of focusing on the host-specific variations, including age, gender, pathological condition, and concurrent medication of individual patient, for maximized efficacy and safety upon mRNA administration. Furthermore, we deliberate on the potential challenges that mRNA drugs may encounter in the realm of disease treatment, the current endeavors of improvement, as well as the application prospects for future advancements. Overall, this review aims to present a comprehensive understanding of mRNA-based therapies while illuminating the prospective development and clinical application of mRNA drugs.

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Identification of Potential Biomarkers and Pathways in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Correlation Between the Calcineurin Signaling Pathway and Vascular Brittleness in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Alharbi,

Ahmad,

Cui

et al. 2024

Int J Lab Hematology

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ObjectiveIn this study, clinical bioinformatics analysis was used to identify potential biomarkers of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) occurrence and development, drug resistance, and poor prognosis to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of AML.MethodsOn the basis of the TCGA, GEO, and GTEx databases, an AML secondary database was established, and differential expression analysis and WGCNA were carried out to identify genes related to the prognosis of AML patients. Survival analysis was carried out for internal verification of key genes, and GEO data were used for external verification to obtain core genes related to prognosis. For differentially expressed genes, the EpiMed platform independently developed by the team was used for drug prediction.ResultsA total of 36 overlapping genes were obtained via difference analysis and WGCNA. Enrichment analysis revealed that the overlapping genes were associated with neutrophil activation, transcription dysregulation, AML, apoptosis, and other biological indicators. A protein interaction network was constructed for NCOA4, ACSL4, DPP4, ATL1, MT1G, ALOX15, and SLC7A11, which are key genes. Survival analysis revealed that NCOA4, ACSL4, DPP4, and ATL1 significantly affected the survival of patients with AML. The GSE142698 dataset verified that MPO, BCL2A1, and STMN1 had a statistically significant impact on the survival of AML patients.ConclusionNCOA4, ACSL4, DPP4, and ATL1 may be potential biomarkers related to the survival and prognosis of patients with AML, and the calcineurin signaling pathway is associated with the risk of vascular fragility in AML patients, which can provide a reference for further research and optimization of treatment regimens.

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Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Carrier-Assisted Targeted Controlled Release mRNA Vaccines in Tumor Immunity

Cited by 48 publications

References 270 publications

Screening and identification of susceptibility genes for cervical cancer via bioinformatics analysis and the construction of an mitophagy-related genes diagnostic model

Screening and identification of susceptibility genes for cervical cancer via bioinformatics analysis and the construction of an mitophagy-related genes diagnostic model

Progress and prospects of mRNA-based drugs in pre-clinical and clinical applications

Identification of Potential Biomarkers and Pathways in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Correlation Between the Calcineurin Signaling Pathway and Vascular Brittleness in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

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