Lipid Nutrition in Asthma

Oliver, Patrick J.; Arutla, Sukruthi; Yenigalla, Anita; Hund, Thomas J.; Parinandi, Narasimham L.

doi:10.1007/s12013-021-01020-w

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…It was therefore postulated that the rising prevalence of atopy in affluent societies was preceded by reduced consumption of oily fish, which contain n-3 PUFAs, and increased intake of margarine and vegetable oils rich in n-6 PUFAs, which were favored by public health measures aimed at decreasing cholesterol levels by the replacement of butter, which contains saturated FAs [78]. It is likely that such dietary modifications affect asthma mechanisms in several ways, and hence, the controversy over the lipid hypothesis continues [79]. For example, FAs may influence the Th cells and the synthesis of Th1/Th2-associated cytokines, which playa basic role in the cell membrane regulating protein function, membrane fluidity and gene expression [80,81].…”

Section: The Lipid Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, in the MedDi, SFA consumption is much lower than in Western diets [202], an obvious advantage, as high SFA intake is documented to induce oxidative stress [203] and to be positively associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness [127], asthma [128] and atopy [129]. Finally, a hallmark of a Greek MedDi is a high intake of MUFA, in the form of oleic acid (n-9), the main FA of olive oil [24,86,92] which is inversely associated with asthma [79,204] (Figure 1). Olive oil was always an integral feature of the Cretan diet and remains the principal constituent of the Greek diet [205], with up to 22% of the overall energy intake originating from MUFAs [206].…”

Section: Postnatalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mediterranean-Type Diets as a Protective Factor for Asthma and Atopy

2022

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We are currently riding the second wave of the allergy epidemic, which is ongoing in affluent societies, but now also affecting developing countries. This increase in the prevalence of atopy/asthma in the Western world has coincided with a rapid improvement in living conditions and radical changes in lifestyle, suggesting that this upward trend in allergic manifestations may be associated with cultural and environmental factors. Diet is a prominent environmental exposure that has undergone major changes, with a substantial increase in the consumption of processed foods, all across the globe. On this basis, the potential effects of dietary habits on atopy and asthma have been researched rigorously, but even with a considerable body of evidence, clear associations are far from established. Many factors converge to obscure the potential relationship, including methodological, pathophysiological and cultural differences. To date, the most commonly researched, and highly promising, candidate for exerting a protective effect is the so-called Mediterranean diet (MedDi). This dietary pattern has been the subject of investigation since the mid twentieth century, and the evidence regarding its beneficial health effects is overwhelming, although data on a correlation between MedDi and the incidence and severity of asthma and atopy are inconclusive. As the prevalence of asthma appears to be lower in some Mediterranean populations, it can be speculated that the MedDi dietary pattern could indeed have a place in a preventive strategy for asthma/atopy. This is a review of the current evidence of the associations between the constituents of the MedDi and asthma/atopy, with emphasis on the pathophysiological links between MedDi and disease outcomes and the research pitfalls and methodological caveats which may hinder identification of causality. MedDi, as a dietary pattern, rather than short-term supplementation or excessive focus on single nutrient effects, may be a rational option for preventive intervention against atopy and asthma.

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Section: The Lipid Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Postnatalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean-Type Diets as a Protective Factor for Asthma and Atopy

2022

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“…Metabolite-associated traits (n=23 traits) were the single most enriched category of traits identi ed as sharing genetic and protein mechanisms with asthma. This included omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels (e.g., arachidonic acid), which have been associated with the attenuation and upregulation of asthmatic pathways (47). The metabolism of arachidonic acid can produce cysteinyl leukotrienes, which is overexpressed in asthma patients and has recently been linked to the production of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 by binding ILC2 and Th2 cells (48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

De novo identification of complex traits associated with asthma

Zaied

Fadason

O’Sullivan

2023

Preprint

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Network analysis is a powerful approach for untangling the relationships between complex diseases. Here, we integrated information on physical contacts between common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gene expression with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data from the lung and whole blood to construct two tissue-specific spatial gene regulatory networks (GRN). From these GRNs, we located the genes that are functionally affected by asthma-associated eQTLs to identify the asthma GRN. We then expanded outwards to identify curated protein-protein interactions occurring 1 to 4 edges away from the asthma GRN. The eQTLs spatially regulating the identified genes were used to interrogate the GWAS Catalog to identify enriched traits (hypergeometric test; FDR≤0.05) within the asthma GRN and each of the 4 levels. This led to the de novo identification of traits both previously reported (e.g., depressive symptoms and lung cancer) and unreported (e.g., reticulocyte count) to be comorbid or associated with asthma. It additionally pinpoints the variants and genes that link asthma to the identified asthma-associated traits, a subset of which was replicated in a comorbidity analysis using health records of 26,781 asthma patients in New Zealand. Our discovery approach identifies enriched traits in the regulatory space proximal to asthma, in the tissue of interest, without a priori selection of the interacting traits. The predictions it makes expand our understanding of possible shared molecular interactions and therapeutic targets for asthma, where no cure is currently available.

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“…Most previous studies have studied the effect of cholesterol on the incidence of asthma. There was a signi cant correlation with lipids, serum HDL, and LDL levels [24,44,45]. Shanshan Gao et al and Panayiotis K Yiallouros et al concluded that asthma is strongly associated with cholesterol [36,37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fatty acids are key players in signaling pathways and mediators associated with allergy and in ammation. By reducing levels of lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol and restricting the intake of oxidized lipids, it is possible to lower the risk of asthma and mitigate its symptoms [24]. Additionally, elevated body mass index and dietary patterns characterized by a high intake of dietary lipids can contribute to the manifestation of asthma symptoms [25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Remnant Cholesterol and Risk of Asthma: NHANES 2005 - 2018

Zheng,

Liao,

Zhong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction Remnant cholesterol is an important lipid substance that plays multiple physiological functions in the human body. It plays multiple physiological functions in the human body. Asthma is a common and widespread disease that affects chronic respiratory disease in the global population. In this study, we paid special attention to whether remnant cholesterol was associated with asthma. Methods Residual cholesterol levels were divided into continuous and binary variables as exposure variables and asthma as outcome variable. Other covariables are considered potential confounders that may act as effect modulators. Using seven combined circles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018, this cross-sectional study sought a clear association between exposure and outcome through multiple regression models, subgroup analysis, and smoothed curve fitting tests. Results In the multivariable logistic regression analyses, a negative association was discovered between remnant cholesterol levels and the risk of asthma, with all confounders adjusted except smoking status and COPD. In subgroup analyses stratified by COPD, smoking status, and gender, never-smoking and COPD patients followed a U-shaped curve, andfemales followed a positive association, which was revealed intuitively by smooth fitting curves. Conclusions Remnant cholesterol levels are inversely associated with the development of asthma. However, the association between remaining cholesterol levels and asthma events in never-smoking and COPD patients followed a U-shaped curve, with females following a positive association.

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Lipid Nutrition in Asthma

Cited by 9 publications

References 111 publications

Mediterranean-Type Diets as a Protective Factor for Asthma and Atopy

Mediterranean-Type Diets as a Protective Factor for Asthma and Atopy

De novo identification of complex traits associated with asthma

Association Between Remnant Cholesterol and Risk of Asthma: NHANES 2005 - 2018

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