Lipid profile and thyroid hormone concentrations in children with epilepsy treated with oxcarbazepine monotherapy: a prospective long‐term study

Garoufi, Anastasia; Koemtzidou, Evangelia; Katsarou, Eustathia; Dinopoulos, Argyrios; Kalimeraki, I.; Fotinou, Aspasia; Drakatos, Antonis; Attilakos, Achilleas

doi:10.1111/ene.12262

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These results agreed with those of Yılmaz et al 11 On studying the effect of oxcarbazepine on thyroid hormone levels in epileptic patients, we found significantly lower FT4 levels in patients while no significant difference was found in T3, T4, and TSH levels between patients and controls. These results agree with those of Yılmaz et al 11 and Garoufi et al 20 Oxcarbazepine, a 10-keto analogue of carbamazepine, was developed as an attempt to reduce the side effects that had been observed with administration of carbamazepine. 11 Despite its close structural resemblance, oxcarbazepine does not induce enzyme activity to a similar extent as does carbamazepine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Is It Necessary to Measure Thyroid Hormone Levels in Children Receiving Antiepileptic Drugs?

Aziz

Elela

2018

J Pediatr Epilepsy

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Purpose This article evaluates the effect of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on thyroid function tests in children with epilepsy. Methodology One hundred twenty children were studied, with 40 patients taking older generation AEDs Na valproate (N = 20) and carbamazepine (N = 20), 40 patients taking newer generation AEDs levetiracetam (N = 20) and oxcarbazepine (N = 20), and 40 healthy children as controls. Serum T3, T4, FT4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured. Results Patients taking Na valproate had lower T3, T4, and a higher TSH level than controls. Patients taking carbamazepine had the lowest T3, T4, and FT4 serum levels among patients receiving AEDs. Conclusion The thyroid function tests were affected by the use of Na valproate and carbamazepine compared to both the control group and the group taking newer AEDs oxcarbazepine and levetiracetam. In addition, there was no effect of levetiracetam on thyroid function test results.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Is It Necessary to Measure Thyroid Hormone Levels in Children Receiving Antiepileptic Drugs?

Aziz

Elela

2018

J Pediatr Epilepsy

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“…A recent prospective study on 23 children receiving OXC [78] showed that FT4, but not FT3, was significantly reduced after 8 and 18 months treatment, while TSH was significantly increased.…”

Section: Thyroid Functionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Interactions between antiepileptic drugs and hormones

Svalheim

Sveberg

Mochol

et al. 2015

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141

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Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are known to have endocrine side effects in both men and women. These can affect fertility, sexuality, thyroid function, and bone health, all functions of major importance for well-being and quality of life. The liver enzyme inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAEDs), like phenobarbital, phenytoin, and carbamazepine, and also valproate (VPA), a non-EIAED, are most likely to cause such side effects. AED treatment can alter the levels of different sex hormones. EIAEDs increase sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations in both men and women. Over time, this elevation can lead to lower levels of bioactive testosterone and estradiol, which may cause menstrual disturbances, sexual problems, and eventually reduced fertility. VPA can cause weight gain in both men and women. In women, VPA can also lead to androgenization with increased serum testosterone concentrations, menstrual disturbances, and polycystic ovaries. Lamotrigine has not been shown to result in endocrine side effects. The newer AEDs have not yet been thoroughly studied, but case reports indicate that some of these drugs could also be suspected to cause such effects if endocrine changes commence after treatment initiation. It is important to be aware of possible endocrine side effects of AEDs as they can have a major impact on quality of life, and are, at least partly, reversible after AED discontinuation.

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“…However, no direct effects of ESL on lipid metabolism profile were concluded in those studies. Prior studies have demonstrated adverse effects of older dibenzazepines and other metabolic inducers on lipid metabolism profile (Chuang et al, 2012;Nikolaos et al, 2004), while authors have suggested a milder but still deleterious effect of OXC (Franzoni et al, 2006;Garoufi et al, 2014;Papacostas, 2000;Yiş and Dogan, 2012), and little is known regarding the effects of ESL. In patients with epilepsy presence of dyslipidemia related to chronic use of AEDs represents a chronic vascular risk factor (Cockerell et al, 1994), with the consequent increased mortality due in part to the increased vascular risk (Chuang et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing long-term effects of eslicarbazepine acetate on lipid metabolism profile, sodium values and liver function tests

et al. 2015

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Lipid profile and thyroid hormone concentrations in children with epilepsy treated with oxcarbazepine monotherapy: a prospective long‐term study

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Is It Necessary to Measure Thyroid Hormone Levels in Children Receiving Antiepileptic Drugs?

Is It Necessary to Measure Thyroid Hormone Levels in Children Receiving Antiepileptic Drugs?

Interactions between antiepileptic drugs and hormones

Assessing long-term effects of eslicarbazepine acetate on lipid metabolism profile, sodium values and liver function tests

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