Lipid profile with paternal history of coronary heart disease before age 40.

Abstract

Serum lipids were measured in children and their parents from 40 families in which the father had a myocardial infarction or coronary heart disease (CHD) before age 40 years. The relationship between physical activity and serum lipid concentrations in the children was also evaluated.Twenty six men had one or more abnormal lipid value (in mmol/1): total venous cholesterol (TVC) >6-24, triglycerides >2-55, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >4-42, or high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) <0 91. There were 15 spouses with significant hyperlipidaemia (values above). In the 107 children examined, TVC mean (SD) was 4*68 (1-17), triglycerides 1-4 (0.8), LDL-C 3 0 (1.0), and HDL-C 1-18 (0.28).Altogether 42% ofthe children had significant hyperlipidaemia. No significant correlation was found between the degree of physical activity of the children and their LDL-C and TVC concentrations. However, a significant positive correlation was found between the degree of physical activity and HDL-C and a significant negative one with triglyceride concentrations.It is concluded that screening the progeny of young CHD patients is highly productive in identifying young people at excessive risk for future CHD. The data also suggest that promoting high degrees of activity among these children may have a positive influence on risk factors for adult onset CHD. (Arch Dis Child 1995; 73: 62-65) Keywords: coronary heart disease, lipoprotein screening, parental history.Earlier reports have shown that children whose parents had a myocardial infarction at an early age may demonstrate serum lipoprotein abnormalities.' 2 Increased total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations are found to aggregate within certain families in which children exhibit hypercholesterolaemia.3 Increased cholesterol concentrations in childhood are often predictive of those in adult life.4 To detect children at high risk, in 1985, the National Institute of Health, USA, recommended a blood cholesterol test for children whose parents, grandparents, or first degree relatives had hypercholesterolaemia or premature coronary heart disease (CHD) (<50 years of age in men, <60 years of age in women).5 Many surveys examining the lipoproteins in the progeny of young men with CHD have followed this recommendation.' 2 6-8A relationship between physical activity and increased concentrations of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in both young9 and middle aged men has been demonstrated.'0 However, similar studies performed in young children show conflicting data." 12The present investigation was undertaken to study the lipoprotein fractions in children whose fathers had myocardial infarction or CHD before the age of 40 years. The lipoprotein fractions were analysed in the parents as well. The relationship between physical activity and serum lipid concentrations in these children was also evaluated. Subjects and methodsChildren from 40 families in which the father had a myocardial infarction or CHD before the age of ...

The physical activity, fitness and health of children

“…Alpert and Wilmore (1994) concluded that aerobic training had only a weak relationship with blood pressure within the normal range, but that such training consistently reduced both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive adolescents. Riddoch (1998) reviewed more recent studies and reported that, for lipids and lipoproteins, six studies (Al-Hazzaa et al, 1994;de Visser et al, 1994;Dwyer and Gibbons, 1994;Harrell et al, 1996;Rowland et al, 1996;Webber et al, 1996) showed no association with measures of activity, whereas another six (Suter and Hawes, 1993;Bistritzer et al, 1995;Craig et al, 1996;Gutin et al, 1996;Twisk et al, 1996;Boreham et al, 1997) showed a limited association. For blood pressure, one study (de Visser et al, 1994) reported no association, while seven (Jenner et al, 1992;Al-Hazzaa et al, 1994;Anderson, 1994;Dwyer and Gibbons, 1994;Harrell et al, 1996;Webber et al, 1996;Boreham et al, 1997) reported a bene® cial association.…”

Mini Review: Physical activity and fitness and its relations to cardiovascular disease risk factors in children

“…8 A great number of recent studies have found no associations between physical activity and blood lipids, [9][10][11][12][13] but almost the same number of studies have found a weak association. [14][15][16][17][18][19] For blood pressure, most studies have found a relationship to physical fitness and some to physical activity. 3,9,11,13,[19][20][21] The relationship between physical activity and blood pressure in children is confounded by body weight, because body weight increases in normal persons with increasing physical activity because of a gain in muscle weight, and body weight is an independent predictor of blood pressure.…”

Lipid Profile of Children with a Family History of Coronary Heart Disease or Hyperlipidemia: 9-Year Experience of an Outpatient Clinic for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases

“…9,10 With respect to Lp(a), this is another factor in the atherosclerotic process, and in most studies raised Lp(a) concentrations are associated with the presence or severity of CHD. 11,12 High Lp(a) concentrations together with increased LDL-C exert the most significant adverse effect. That effect is removed by lowering the LDL-C concentration.…”