Lipidomic Assessment of Plasma and Placenta of Women with Early-Onset Preeclampsia

Abstract

IntroductionAdipose tissue is responsible for triggering chronic systemic inflammatory response and these changes may be involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.ObjectiveTo characterize the lipid profile in the placenta and plasma of patients with preeclampsia.MethodologySamples were collected from placenta and plasma of 10 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 10 controls. Lipids were extracted using the Bligh–Dyer protocol and were analysed by MALDI TOF-TOF mass spectrometry.ResultsApproximately 200 lipid signals were quantified. The most prevalent lipid present in plasma of patients with preeclampsia was the main class Glycerophosphoserines-GP03 (PS) representing 52.30% of the total lipid composition, followed by the main classes Glycerophosphoethanolamines-GP02 (PEt), Glycerophosphocholines-GP01 (PC) and Flavanoids-PK12 (FLV), with 24.03%, 9.47% and 8.39% respectively. When compared to the control group, plasma samples of patients with preeclampsia showed an increase of PS (p<0.0001), PC (p<0.0001) and FLV (p<0.0001). Placental analysis of patients with preeclampsia, revealed the PS as the most prevalent lipid representing 56.28%, followed by the main class Macrolides/polyketides-PK04 with 32.77%, both with increased levels when compared with patients control group, PS (p<0.0001) and PK04 (p<0.0001).ConclusionLipids found in placenta and plasma from patients with preeclampsia differ from those of pregnant women in the control group. Further studies are needed to clarify if these changes are specific and a cause or consequence of preeclampsia.

Applications of metabolomics in the study and management of preeclampsia: a review of the literature

“…Blood plasma was the most commonly used biologic media (n = 10) (Bahado-Singh, Akolekar, Mandal, Dong, Xia, Kruger, Wishart et al 2012; De Oliveira, Câmara, Bonetti, Turco, Bertolla, Moron, Sass et al 2012; Kelly, Croteau-Chonka, Dahlin, Mirzakhani, Wu, Wan, McGeachie et al 2016; Kenny, Broadhurst, Dunn, Brown, North, McCowan, Roberts et al 2010; Kenny, Dunn, Ellis, Myers, Baker, Kell 2005; Odibo, Goetzinger, Odibo, Cahill, Macones, Nelson, Dietzen 2011; Pinto, Almeida, Martins, Duarte, Barros, Galhano, Pita et al 2015; Schott, Hahn, Kurbacher, Moka 2012; Turner, Brewster, Simpson, Walker, Fisher 2007; Turner, Brewster, Simpson, Walker, Fisher 2008), followed by serum (n = 7) (Bahado-Singh, Akolekar, Mandal, Dong, Xia, Kruger, Wishart et al 2013; Bahado-Singh, Syngelaki, Akolekar, Mandal, Bjondahl, Han, Dong et al 2015; Chen, He, Tan, Xu 2017; Kenny, Broadhurst, Brown, Dunn, Redman, Kell, Baker 2008; Koster, Vreeken, Harms, Dane, Kuc, Schielen, Hankemeier et al 2015; Kuc, Koster, Pennings, Hankemeier, Berger, Harms, Dane et al 2014), and placental or intrauterine tissue samples (n = 7) (Austdal, Thomsen, Tangerås, Skei, Mathew, Bjørge, Austgulen et al 2015; Baig, Lim, Fernandis, Wenk, Kale, Su, Biswas et al 2013; Dunn, Brown, Worton, Davies, Jones, Kell, Heazell 2012; Jain, Jayasimhulu, Clark 2004; Korkes, Sass, Moron, Câmara, Bonetti, Cerdeira, Da Silva et al 2014; Pearson, Zhang, Arya, Warren, Ortori, Fakis, Khan et al 2010; Sohlberg, Wikström, Olovsson, Lindgren, Axelsson, Mulic-Lutvica, Weis et al). The remaining studies used urine (n = 1) (Diaz, Barros, Goodfellow, Duarte, Galhano, Pita, Almeida et al 2013), urine and serum (n = 2) (Austdal, Skråstad, Gundersen, Austgulen, Iversen, Bathen 2014; Austdal, Tangerås, Skråstad, Salvesen, Austgulen, Iversen, Bathen 2015), or breast milk (n=1) (Dangat, Upadhyay, Kilari, Sharma, Kemse, Mehendale, Lalwani et al 2016).…”

Metabolic profiles of placenta in preeclampsia using HR-MAS MRS metabolomics

“…An interesting approach would be to use lipidomic MS-methods to further assess the variation in lipid components in this cohort. 184 The connection between preeclampsia and CVD is re ected in all studies in this thesis. Serum pro les re ect an atherogenic lipid pro le in both early and late pregnancies where preeclampsia develops (papers I and II).…”

The unfavorable lipid environment reduced caveolin-1 expression in apical membranes from human preeclamptic placentas

“…Many authors have studied the phospholipid composition of syncytiotrophoblast cells but they did not distinguish between both membranes [4,5,45]. As syncytiotrophoblast is a polarized cell, the contribution of each phospholipid species is crucial to determine the apical or basal membrane transport function.…”

“…It was found that the composition, structure and functions of these membrane lipid bilayers are modified with gestational progress in order to meet the metabolic needs of the growing fetus [2,3]. In addition, in pathological conditions such as preeclampsia, some authors have found alterations in membrane lipid composition of syncytiotrophoblast [4,5] and an abnormal expression of transport proteins [6][7][8][9] impairing placental functions.…”

“…Recently, Korkes and co-workers demonstrated that lipids found in plasma and placental tissue from pregnant women with preeclampsia, differ from those expressed in healthy pregnancies [4]. In addition, other authors reported that syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles (STBMs) from preeclamptic women have a different pattern and distinct concentrations of some lipid species compared to STBMs from control group [5].…”