Lipids of Clinically Significant Mycobacteria

Minnikin, David E.; Brennan, Patrick J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-15147-8_7

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 449 publications

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“…Other lipids are present in the MOM in variable quantities, so interested readers can find more details in these review articles. 19,26,53 In the future, the ultimate goal would be to design MOM models constituted of the ensemble of lipids presented above to see how they can assemble and organize. A very first attempt to model the MOM was recently presented, 54 but it requires further developments to really understand the biophysical properties of such membranes at the molecular level.…”

Section: ■ Mycobacterial Outer Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the main components in the MOM is mycolic acids (MAs) that are long fatty acids. − Mtb has three classes of MAs: α-mycolates, methoxymycolates, and ketomycolates . The latter two mycolates are composed of two subclasses having either cis -cyclopropane rings or trans -cyclopropane rings with an adjacent methyl branch.…”

Section: Mycobacterial Outer Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…PDIM is one of the main Mtb virulence factors that can transfer and diffuse into host-cell membranes. , This lipid is constituted by a long-chain ß-diol (the phthiocerol A chain) esterified by two multimethyl branched mycocerosate molecules (Figure ). All-atom and coarse-grained MD simulations along with 31 P NMR showed that these molecules can adopt a conical shape in phospholipid bilayers mimicking the host-cell plasma membrane, modulating membrane structures, and causing a phase shift from the lamellar to inverted hexagonal phase. This conical shape seems to be linked to the macrophage infection by Mtb .…”

Section: Mycobacterial Outer Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, recently developed tools such as CHARMM-GUI Glycolipid Modeler or Glycosylator can be expanded to streamline the creation of such complex molecules. Other lipids are present in the MOM in variable quantities, so interested readers can find more details in these review articles. ,, …”

Section: Mycobacterial Outer Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Molecular Modeling and Simulation of the Mycobacterial Cell Envelope: From Individual Components to Cell Envelope Assemblies

Brown,

Chavent,

2023

J. Phys. Chem. B

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Unlike typical Gram-positive bacteria, the cell envelope of mycobacteria is unique and composed of a mycobacterial outer membrane, also known as the mycomembrane, a peptidoglycan layer, and a mycobacterial inner membrane, which is analogous to that of Gram-negative bacteria. Despite its importance, however, our understanding of this complex cell envelope is rudimentary at best. Thus, molecular modeling and simulation of such an envelope can benefit the scientific community by proposing new hypotheses about the biophysical properties of its different layers. In this Perspective, we present recent advances in molecular modeling and simulation of the mycobacterial cell envelope from individual components to cell envelope assemblies. We also show how modeling other types of cell envelopes, such as that of Escherichia coli , may help modeling part of the mycobacterial envelopes. We hope that the studies presented here are just the beginning of the road and more and more new modeling and simulation studies help us to understand crucial questions related to mycobacteria such as antibiotic resistance or bacterial survival in the host.

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Section: ■ Mycobacterial Outer Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mycobacterial Outer Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mycobacterial Outer Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mycobacterial Outer Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Molecular Modeling and Simulation of the Mycobacterial Cell Envelope: From Individual Components to Cell Envelope Assemblies

Brown,

Chavent,

2023

J. Phys. Chem. B

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“…A major outcome of this coevolution has been a synchronized response of innate and adaptive host immune cells to mycobacterial cell wall lipids. 1,2 This in turn has triggered the therapeutic use of the immunostimulatory properties of the mycobacterial cell wall lipids; for instance, either as vaccine adjuvants or in drug delivery. 3−5 In this direction, one of the most explored Mtb lipid is Mycolic acids (MAs), which are long chain β-hydroxy fatty acids (FAs) bound to the cell wall via an ester bond.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophysical Interaction Landscape of Mycobacterial Mycolic Acids and Phenolic Glycolipids with Host Macrophage Membranes

Srivatsav,

Kapoor

2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Chemical Synthesis of Cell Wall Constituents of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2021

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The pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), causing tuberculosis disease, features an extraordinary thick cell envelope, rich in Mtb-specific lipids, glycolipids, and glycans. These cell wall components are often directly involved in host−pathogen interaction and recognition, intracellular survival, and virulence. For decades, these mycobacterial natural products have been of great interest for immunology and synthetic chemistry alike, due to their complex molecular structure and the biological functions arising from it. The synthesis of many of these constituents has been achieved and aided the elucidation of their function by utilizing the synthetic material to study Mtb immunology. This review summarizes the synthetic efforts of a quarter century of total synthesis and highlights how the synthesis layed the foundation for immunological studies as well as drove the field of organic synthesis and catalysis to efficiently access these complex natural products.

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Lipids of Clinically Significant Mycobacteria

Cited by 10 publications

References 449 publications

Molecular Modeling and Simulation of the Mycobacterial Cell Envelope: From Individual Components to Cell Envelope Assemblies

Molecular Modeling and Simulation of the Mycobacterial Cell Envelope: From Individual Components to Cell Envelope Assemblies

Biophysical Interaction Landscape of Mycobacterial Mycolic Acids and Phenolic Glycolipids with Host Macrophage Membranes

Chemical Synthesis of Cell Wall Constituents of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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