Lipids of rabies virus and BHK-21 cell membranes

Blough, Herbert A.; Tiffany, John M.; Aaslestad, H. G.

doi:10.1128/jvi.21.3.950-955.1977

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As demonstrated by the following calculation for CHO membranes, contaminating membranes with a lower content of SM (ER) and those with a higher content of SM (plasma membrane and endosomes/lysosomes) roughly compensate for each other. To assess the influence on the measured value for SM in donor fractions of contaminating membranes, we used the data given in Table III, in conjunction with the SM contents reported for plasma membranes and endosomes/lysosomes (14-18 mol%) (Cezanne et al, 1992;Warnock et al, 1993), as well as ER membranes (10 mol%) (Blough et al, 1977;Brotherus and Renkonen, 1977;Urade et al, 1988). The calculations were made based on an SM content of 18 mol% for plasma membranes, the highest value reported.…”

Section: Determination Of the Extent Of Lipid Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Segregation of Sphingomyelin and Cholesterol during Formation of Copi-Coated Vesicles

Brügger

Sandhoff

Wegehingel

et al. 2000

The Journal of Cell Biology

211

158

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In higher eukaryotes, phospholipid and cholesterol synthesis occurs mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum, whereas sphingomyelin and higher glycosphingolipids are synthesized in the Golgi apparatus. Lipids like cholesterol and sphingomyelin are gradually enriched along the secretory pathway, with their highest concentration at the plasma membrane. How a cell succeeds in maintaining organelle-specific lipid compositions, despite a steady flow of incoming and outgoing transport carriers along the secretory pathway, is not yet clear. Transport and sorting along the secretory pathway of both proteins and most lipids are thought to be mediated by vesicular transport, with coat protein I (COPI) vesicles operating in the early secretory pathway. Although the protein constituents of these transport intermediates are characterized in great detail, much less is known about their lipid content. Using nano-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for quantitative lipid analysis of COPI-coated vesicles and their parental Golgi membranes, we find only low amounts of sphingomyelin and cholesterol in COPI-coated vesicles compared with their donor Golgi membranes, providing evidence for a significant segregation from COPI vesicles of these lipids. In addition, our data indicate a sorting of individual sphingomyelin molecular species. The possible molecular mechanisms underlying this segregation, as well as implications on COPI function, are discussed.

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Section: Determination Of the Extent Of Lipid Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Segregation of Sphingomyelin and Cholesterol during Formation of Copi-Coated Vesicles

Brügger

Sandhoff

Wegehingel

et al. 2000

The Journal of Cell Biology

211

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although initial clinical trials have demonstrated that azidothymidine may prolong life in certain AIDS patients [Chaisson et al, 1986;Yarchoan et al, 1986Yarchoan et al, , 1987Fischl et al, 19871, the high degree of toxicity observed with all reverse transcriptase inhibitors precludes their widespread use and illustrates the need for efficacious compounds with a higher safety margin [Barnes, 1986;Richman et al, 1987;Vogt and Hirsch, 19871. Another approach to developing antiviral agents involves manipulation of viral membrane lipids Klepner et al, 19871. Lipid composition has been determined for several viruses [Blough, 1968;Blough and Larson, 1968;Klenk and Choppin, 1969;David, 1971;McShany and Wagner, 1971;Renkonen et al, 1972;Blough et al, 1977;Barnes et al, 19871. The membranes of enveloped viruses are usually lipid bilayers containing specific proteins essential for viral attachment, penetration, and infection of cells [Lenard and Compans, 19741.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids are major components of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): Modification of HIV lipid composition, membrane organization, and protein conformation by AL‐721®

Crews¹,

McElhaney²,

Klepner³

et al. 1988

Drug Development Research

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The lipid composition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was investigated. Several strains of HIV were found to contain considerable amounts of lipid. The major lipid constituents were cholesterol and phospholipid with a molar ratio close to one. This lipid composition and membrane apparent microviscosity, as determined by diphenylhexatriene fluorescent polarization, indicate that the HIV envelope is an extremely rigid membrane. A previous in vitro study and two recent clinical reports have indicated that AL-721@, a lipid mixture designed to alter membrane lipid composition and organization by extraction of membrane cholesterol, has anti-HIV activity. We found that AL-721@ modifies the lipid composition of HIV, reducing the cholesterol content and the cholesterol to phospholipid molar ratio. Both DPH fluorescent probe and endogenous protein fluorescent studies suggest that AL-721@ alters HIV envelope organization and/or apparent microviscosity. Membrane perturbation of HIV by AL-721@ may represent a new approach to AIDS therapy.

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“…Of the 40 samples examined, 36 tested positive for IFD (90%) and 33 (82.5%) for RT-PCR. In an inter-laboratory test as a tool to increase animal rabies diagnostic capabilities in veterinary laboratories in sub-Saharan Africa, RT-PCR had a sensitivity of 96.7% and specificity of 100%, both higher than those obtained by [16] with IFD (89.2% and 86.2%, respectively). Manisha Biswal and al showed 100% sensitivity and specificity to RT-PCR, compared to 83.3% to IFD.…”

Section: Ddl Moyenne Des Carrés Détection Des Virusmentioning

confidence: 92%

Molecular Characterization of Canine Rabies Virus Strains Circulating in Mali

Ibrahim¹,

Marthin²,

Kadidiatou³

et al. 2022

AJBES

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Rabies are one of the major zoonoses in Mali. The control of this disease is based on the use of effective diagnostic techniques, the management of human cases after exposure and medical prophylaxis of animals. Diagnosis is usually made by detection of viral antigen by direct immunofluorescence (IF). Due to the increasing variability of the genus Lyssavirus observed, it was found necessary to use a complementary technique, namely reverse transcription in polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The objective of the present study was to assess the diagnostic performance of IFD and RT-PCR for the diagnosis of animal rabies in Mali with a view to characterizing the different strains identified at the molecular level (gene of rabies virus nucleoprotein N). Thus, the analysis of forty (40) brain samples from dogs suspected of having rabies, revealed 36 positive cases for IFD, i.e. 90% and 33 for RT-PCR, i.e. 82.5.% and a concordance rate of 82.5%. Analysis of the segment of the gene of nucleoprotein (N) showed that the rabies viruses circulating in Mali belong to the Africa 2 lineage (Africa 2). Statistical analyzes showed the existence of a significant difference (P=0.001<0.005) between the performance of the two techniques. The present study shows the usefulness of the complementarity of the two tests as an alternative for confirming the diagnosis of rabies.

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Lipids of rabies virus and BHK-21 cell membranes

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Evidence for Segregation of Sphingomyelin and Cholesterol during Formation of Copi-Coated Vesicles

Evidence for Segregation of Sphingomyelin and Cholesterol during Formation of Copi-Coated Vesicles

Lipids are major components of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): Modification of HIV lipid composition, membrane organization, and protein conformation by AL‐721®

Molecular Characterization of Canine Rabies Virus Strains Circulating in Mali

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