Lipogenesis in turkeys and chickens: A study of body composition and liver lipogenic enzyme activities

Kouba, Maryline; Catheline, Daniel; Leclercq, B.

doi:10.1080/00071669208417543

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This implies that gluconeogenesis intensively occurred in the liver. Liver is the primary site of gluconeogenesis in birds (Kouba et al, 1992). Realimentation normalized the size of liver indicating the rate of gluconeogenesis got slowed down.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Meal Feeding and Skip-A-Day Feeding With or Without Probiotics for Broiler Chickens Grown at High-Altitude to Prevent Ascites Mortality

Saffar¹,

Khajali²

2010

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Problem statement: Ascites is a common rapid-growth-related problem in broiler chickens grown at high altitude where the partial pressure of oxygen is low and is marginally adequate to support the growth performance and ascites-related variables. A mismatch between the growth of oxygen supplying organs and the oxygen demanding organs causes ascites in broiler chickens. In the present study, broilers were subjected to two types of feed restriction with or without probiotics and changes in the growth rate of body organs were attributed to the incidence of ascites. Approach: Four hundred male day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned in a completely randomized design to five treatments: (1) a control group fed ad libitum throughout the experiment (2) a group subjected to meal feeding during 5-11 days of age with feeding times from 08-12 h and 13-17 h, (3) a group similar to treatment 2 except to received probiotics, (4) a skip-a-day feeding with 24 h fasting on days 9 and 11 and (5) a group similar to treatment 4 except to received probiotics. Probiotics was only used during the feed restriction at 1 g L^-1 in the drinking water. Broilers reared on litter flooring from 1-49 days of age. Results: Both feed restriction programs used under conditions of the experiment resulted in poorer performance relative to the full-fed control but retarded growth caught up at the end of experiment. Carcass and breast yield were significantly (p‎<0.05) reduced right after feed restriction but not later on. Heart and liver percentages showed a reverse growth pattern after termination of feed restriction. Feed restriction had no consistent effect on abdominal fat deposition. Broilers subjected to the feed restriction had significantly (p<0.05) lower proportion of right ventricle to total ventricles. Probiotics had no beneficial impact on the compensatory growth though they tended to reduce the mortality from ascites. Conclusion: Early feed restriction did not influence the proportional growth of body organs and had no significant impact on ascites incidence. Probiotics had a positive effect in prevention of ascites

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Meal Feeding and Skip-A-Day Feeding With or Without Probiotics for Broiler Chickens Grown at High-Altitude to Prevent Ascites Mortality

Saffar¹,

Khajali²

2010

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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“…Reduced liver percentage compare to live body weight in chickens consumed different levels of crateagus flavonoid extract is in line with decreased lipogenesis as appeared in reduced abdominal fat. Liver in the chicken is the primary site of lipogenesis [44] and declined liver weight reflects lower lipogenesis due to the consuming of crateagus flavonoid extract in broiler chickens diets. The proportion of heart percentage to live body weight and RV:TV ratio have been reduced by consuming of crateagus flavonoid extract to birds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etlik Piliçlerde Pulmoner Hipertansiyon ve Kalp Yetmezliğini Engellemede Etkili Bir Tıbbi Bitki Türü Olarak Alıç (Crataegus oxyacantha) Flavanoid Ekstraktı

Ahmadipour¹,

Hosseini²,

Rehman³

et al. 2019

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of crateagus flavonoid extract in preventing pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) in broiler chickens reared at high altitude, encountered ascites was evaluated. A 225 day-old broiler chickens (Ross-308) were randomly assigned to three treatments including different drinking levels of crateagus flavonoid extract (0, 0.1, and 0.2 mL per liter of drinking water) in a 42-day trial. Body weight gain were increased and feed conversion ratio were decreased significantly (P<0.05) when crateagus flavonoid extract was consumed by broiler chickens at levels of 0.1 and 0.2 mL per liter of drinking water in the both starting and growing stages, and throughout the trial. Overexpression of inducible nitric-oxide synthase in the heart was observed in chickens consumed different levels of crateagus flavonoid extract. Birds received crateagus flavonoid extract at levels of 0.1 and 0.2 mL had significantly (P<0.05) higher circulatory concentrations of nitric oxide but significantly (P<0.05) lower serum malondialdehyde concentration, hematocrit and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio compared to control group. Consuming crateagus flavonoid extract at levels of 0.1 and 0.2 mL reduced incidence of right ventricular hypertrophy and led to a significant decline in mortality from PHS. It was concluded that crateagus flavonoid extract is an effective medicinal plant derivative to prevent PHS and ascites in broiler chickens by lowering pulmonary blood pressure and increasing serum antioxidant capacities.

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Modulation of lipogenic enzymes, fatty acid synthase and Δ 9 -desaturase, in relation to migration in the western sandpiper ( Calidris mauri )

Egeler

Williams

Guglielmo

2000

Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and

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Long-distance migration in birds is characterized physiologically by periods of rapid fattening and lipogenesis, and increased desaturation of fatty acids stored in adipose tissue. We investigated seasonal, age- and sex-related differences in activities of two lipogenic enzymes, fatty acid synthase and delta9-desaturase, in relation to migration in the small, Arctic-nesting western sandpiper (Calidris mauri). Migration, and associated lipogenesis and fattening, involved marked upregulation of these enzymes in this species. However, this increase in enzyme activity was only seen in actively migrating birds during spring migration, when fatty acid synthase and delta9-desaturase levels increased by 53% and 113%, respectively, compared to non-migrating birds. There was no change in fatty acid synthase enzyme activity during the premigration period, even though body mass of adult birds increased significantly during this period. Similarly, there was no increase in delta9-desaturase activity during premigration, despite the fact that birds increase the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids in their fat stores at this time. We suggest that upregulation of lipogenic enzymes is required to support high rates of mass gain (0.4 g day(-1)) during short (1-4 day) periods at stop-over sites. However, slower rates of mass gain (0.09 g day(-1)) over several weeks prior to migration can be achieved without any increase in tissue-specific enzyme activity.

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Lipogenesis in turkeys and chickens: A study of body composition and liver lipogenic enzyme activities

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Application of Meal Feeding and Skip-A-Day Feeding With or Without Probiotics for Broiler Chickens Grown at High-Altitude to Prevent Ascites Mortality

Application of Meal Feeding and Skip-A-Day Feeding With or Without Probiotics for Broiler Chickens Grown at High-Altitude to Prevent Ascites Mortality

Etlik Piliçlerde Pulmoner Hipertansiyon ve Kalp Yetmezliğini Engellemede Etkili Bir Tıbbi Bitki Türü Olarak Alıç (Crataegus oxyacantha) Flavanoid Ekstraktı

Modulation of lipogenic enzymes, fatty acid synthase and Δ 9 -desaturase, in relation to migration in the western sandpiper ( Calidris mauri )

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