Lipohypertrophy and Insulin: An Old Dog That Needs New Tricks

Huang, Jingtong; Yeung, Andrea M; Kerr, David; Gentile, Sandro; Heinemann, Lutz; Al-Sofiani, Mohammed E.; Joseph, Jeffrey I.; Seley, Jane Jeffrie; Klonoff, David C.

doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2023.04.006

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 78 publications

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“…All children with T1DM must receive assistance at school for the utilisation of the latest technology, which may include advanced devices such as CGMs, automated insulin delivery systems, insulin pumps, and connected insulin pens, as prescribed by their healthcare team [18]. Multiple studies have shown that just by an intervention of educating the people rigorously and making them aware of the proper site of administration, site rotation, and dos and don'ts of insulin administration techniques, they have been able to achieve their glycemic targets effectively [26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Therapeutic Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are People With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Appropriately Following Insulin Injection Technique Practices: A Review of Literature

Gupta,

Ramteke,

Gupta

et al. 2024

Cureus

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People with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) need to take multiple doses of insulin injections daily throughout their lives. However, a notable portion of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) show suboptimal insulin injection technique practices. They are supposed to follow the recommended insulin injection technique guidelines. Our explorative literature search, including studies from the past 30 years, is expected to identify the deficiencies of self-injection insulin techniques and the associated complications in people with T1DM, where we have summarised the overall incidence of complications that have occurred due to nonadherence of the prescribed guidelines, along with their associated risk factors. We have attempted to include multiple systematic reviews, meta-analyses, literature reviews, case reports, and original articles from the search engines and databases like PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and BioMed Central, and studies with only human participants were included in this search. The knowledge sharing from this research may be utilised for enhancing the structured education diabetes programme and implementing the population-based corrective measures, including the thrust areas in future multi-centre longitudinal research studies and recommendations, which can prevent unnecessary complications and enhance their quality of life. Correct insulin administration technique, abstaining from administration of injection at the areas with lipohypertrophy, rotation of injection sites, and ultrasound scanning can be used as a complimentary method to detect the lipohypertrophy at an early stage. Liposuction is beneficial in reducing the extensive lipohypertrophic tissues but helps achieve only cosmetically satisfactory outcome; thus, empowering people to follow insulin injection technique guidelines is one of the best strategies to reduce the high prevalence of lipohypertrophy. To conclude, education among the people with DM, especially T1DM who have to take insulin regularly, needs to be carried out consistently in the clinical settings, to prevent the severe complications caused due to inappropriate insulin injection techniques.

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