Lipoic Acid Alters δ-Aminolevulinic Dehydratase, Glutathione Peroxidase and Na+,K+-ATPase Activities and Glutathione-Reduced Levels in Rat Hippocampus After Pilocarpine-Induced Seizures

Abstract

In the present study, we investigated the effects of lipoic acid (LA) in the brain oxidative stress caused by pilocarpine-induced seizures in adult rats. Wistar rats were treated with 0.9% saline (i.p., control group), lipoic acid (10 mg/kg, i.p., LA group), pilocarpine (400 mg/kg, i.p., pilocarpine group), and the association of LA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) plus pilocarpine (400 mg/kg, i.p.), 30 min before the administration of LA (LA plus pilocarpine group). After the treatments, all groups were observed for 1 h. The enzyme activities [delta-aminolevulinic dehydratase (delta-ALA-D), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and Na+,K+-ATPase] as well as the glutathione-reduced (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AA) concentrations were measured using spectrophotometric methods, and the results were compared to values obtained from saline and pilocarpine-treated animals. Protective effects of LA were also evaluated on the same parameters. In pilocarpine group, no changes were observed in GPx and GR activities and AA content. Moreover, in the same group, decrease in GSH levels as well as a reduction in delta-ALA-D and Na+,K+-ATPase activities after seizures was observed. In turn, in LA plus pilocarpine group, the appearance of seizures was abolished, and the decreases in delta-ALA-D and Na+,K+-ATPase activities produced by seizures as well as increases in GSH levels and GPx activity were reversed, when compared to the pilocarpine seizing group. The results of the present study demonstrated that preadministration of LA abolished seizure episodes induced by pilocarpine in rat, probably by reducing oxidative stress in rat hippocampus caused by seizures.

The Neuroprotective Effect of Curcumin and Nigella sativa Oil Against Oxidative Stress in the Pilocarpine Model of Epilepsy: A Comparison with Valproate

“…In line with the present findings, Freitas [68] reported that seizure episodes induced by pilocarpine were accompanied by a decrease in brain GSH levels and a lack of effects in glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities. Accordingly, the decrease in GSH induced by pilocarpine, in the present study, may reflect a state of oxidative stress resulting from accelerated degradation or decreased de novo synthesis.…”

“…, K ? -ATPase activity may increase cellular excitability and facilitate the appearance or propagation of convulsions [68]. In the present study, a significant decrease in Na ?…”

Neuropharmacological effects of carvacryl acetate on δ-aminolevulinic dehydratase, Na+, K+-ATPase activities and amino acids levels in mice hippocampus after seizures

“…Additionally, it is not possible to compare anticonvul- The author states no conflict of interest. 571 Uncited references 572 [12,13,16]. Q3 573…”

Experimental Evidence that 3-Methylglutaric Acid Disturbs Mitochondrial Function and Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Brain Synaptosomes: New Converging Mechanisms

“…Evidence in the literature suggests that the inhibition of Na + ,K + -ATPase is involved in deleterious effects leading to neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration in many pathological conditions [20][21][22]. Although in this study we did not test the activity of this enzyme, we can assume that the same effect is occurring in synaptosomes of adult rats.…”