Lipoprotein lipase and the uptake of lipids by adipose cells during development

Cryer, Anthony

doi:10.1051/rnd:19850216

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In agreement, administration of fat has been shown to increase blood glucose levels in hypoglycemic small-for-date newborn infants (31) and in starved newborn rats (32). Furthermore, lipoprotein lipase may be significant even for fetal fat storage by shuttling triglycerides for peripheral uptake, as has been proposed to occur in rats with active lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue at birth (1,33).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Hyperinsulinemic Infants of Diabetic Mothers and in Large-for-Date Infants at Birth

et al. 1986

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ABSTRACT. To study postheparin plasma lipase activities into the circulation (2). Triglycerides in chylomicrons and very in nonfed newborn infants immediately after birth and to low-density lipoproteins of plasma are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein investigate the possible influence of fetal hyperinsulinemia lipase (3, 4). The lipase is located on the vascular endothelial on lipoprotein lipase activity, we measured lipoprotein and surface of adipose and muscle tissue. It is released into the hepatic lipase activities in 55 macrosomic newborn infants: circulation by heparin. Heparin also releases hepatic lipase from group I consisted of 21 infants born to mothers with insulin-the vascular endothelial surface of the liver. In contrast to lipodependent diabetes. The infants were hyperinsulinemic at protein lipase, the function of hepatic lipase in lipoprotein mebirth and had hypoglycemia and poor lipolysis at the age tabolism has not been fully established (4,5). of 2 h. Group I1 consisted of 18 infants born to mothers On the basis of animal experiments, lipoprotein lipase activity with gestational diabetes. Group I11 consisted of 16 large-of newborn infants has been suggested to be low at birth and to for-date infants born to nondiabetic mothers. The mean increase postnatally (1, 6, 7). If so, infants at birth might be postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activities at 2 h of incapable of using fat effectively for energy. Previously, we have age were similar (mean 36 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM shown that at the age of 1 to 4 days postheparin plasma lipopro-15) in groups 1-111. Lipoprotein lipase activity correlated tein lipase is already at the adult level in breast-milk-fed term negatively with cord-serum triglycerides (range 0.13-1.2 and preterm infants; their hepatic lipase activity is about three mmol/liter) but did not correlate with serum insulin (range times the adult value (8, 9). On the other hand, we found that 5.4-524 pU/ml) or C-peptide (range 0.6-21.0 pglliter). lipoprotein lipase activity increases during the first days of life Hepatic lipase activity was somewhat higher in group I whereas hepatic lipase activity remains unchanged in infants (mean 68 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM 23) than in receiving fat-containing parenteral nutrition (10). groups I1 and I11 (mean 55 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; Fetal hyperinsulinemia is associated with macrosomia, hypo-SEM 14). Hemoglobin Alc was the only important factor glycemia, and inhibition of lipolysis in infants born to diabetic explaining the difference in hepatic lipase activities be-mothers (1 1). In adults, insulin is known to induce lipoprotein tween groups. Lipoproteins and apolipoproteins A-I, A-11, lipase (3, 12), and lipoprotein lipase activity of adipose tissue has and B were similar in all three groups. We conclude that been reported to be high in obese adults whose basal serum in large-for-date infants lipoprotein lipase is active at birth insulin level is elevated (13,14). This suggests that fetal hyperwithout exogenous fat induction, and tha...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Hyperinsulinemic Infants of Diabetic Mothers and in Large-for-Date Infants at Birth

et al. 1986

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Hyperinsulinemic Infants of Diabetic Mothers and in Large-for-Date Infants at Birth

et al. 1986

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ABSTRACT. To study postheparin plasma lipase activities in nonfed newborn infants immediately after birth and to investigate the possible influence of fetal hyperinsulinemia on lipoprotein lipase activity, we measured lipoprotein and hepatic lipase activities in 55 macrosomic newborn infants: group I consisted of 21 infants born to mothers with insulindependent diabetes. The infants were hyperinsulinemic at birth and had hypoglycemia and poor lipolysis at the age of 2 h. Group I1 consisted of 18 infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes. Group I11 consisted of 16 largefor-date infants born to nondiabetic mothers. The mean postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activities at 2 h of age were similar (mean 36 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM 15) in groups 1-111. Lipoprotein lipase activity correlated negatively with cord-serum triglycerides (range 0.13-1.2 mmol/liter) but did not correlate with serum insulin (range 5.4-524 pU/ml) or C-peptide (range 0.6-21.0 pgtliter). Hepatic lipase activity was somewhat higher in group I (mean 68 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM 23) than in groups I1 and I11 (mean 55 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM 14). Hemoglobin Alc was the only important factor explaining the difference in hepatic lipase activities between groups. Lipoproteins and apolipoproteins A-I, A-11, and B were similar in all three groups. We conclude that in large-for-date infants lipoprotein lipase is active at birth without exogenous fat induction, and that these infants are capable of hydrolyzing fat, their main source of energy, immediately after birth. In addition, we conclude that postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activity is not affected by fetal hyperinsulinemia. (Pediafr Res 20: 527-531,1986) Abbreviations FFA, free fatty acids Hb, hemoglobin Soon after birth fat becomes the major metabolic fuel (1): breast-milk fat is readily absorbed through the bowel wall as chylomicrons and liver produces endogenous lipoproteins into

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“…Changes in blood flow through vascular beds rich in lipoprotein lipase activity, or through the liver may underlie the changes in lipoprotein clearance and tissue uptake seen in our study. While adrenaline increases blood flow through skeletal and cardiac muscle, catecholamines inhibit the activity of lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue (Ashby et al 1978), whereas the activity in skeletal and cardiac muscle is increased (Cryer 1985). Therefore the enhanced clearance of TO after adrenaline infusion and the changes in its tissue uptake are presumably due to a combination of effects on blood flow and on tissue lipase activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline on Clearance of Triacylglycerol‐rich Lipoproteins From Plasma: Studies With Chylomicron‐like Lipid Emulsions in Rats

Mackintosh

Redgrave

1991

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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1. Adrenaline was infused intravenously in rats during the clearance from plasma of an injected lipid emulsion designed to model chylomicrons and the triacylglycerol-rich plasma lipoproteins. The clearance rates of emulsion radiolabelled triolein (TO) and cholesteryl oleate (CO) were both increased, suggesting that hydrolysis of lipoprotein triglycerides and clearance of remnants from plasma were increased. The distribution of radiolabels in tissues showed more TO in skeletal and cardiac muscle after adrenaline, while more CO was found in liver compared with controls. Lesser amounts of both labels were found in the spleens of treated rats. 2. In a similar experiment with noradrenaline, the clearance rate of emulsion CO was decreased. The removal of CO was retarded more than that of emulsion TO, which was not significantly affected, and CO label recovered in liver was significantly decreased, suggesting that the removal of remnants from plasma was slowed after noradrenaline. In experiments in which noradrenaline was infused continuously for 1 week the clearances of emulsion CO and TO were both reduced. 3. Our findings suggest possible connections between plasma catecholamines and the development of arteriosclerosis, in view of the atherogenicity of remnants of the triacylglycerol-rich plasma lipoproteins. Yet to be established is whether the linkage we have found between lipoprotein clearance, adrenaline and noradrenaline contributes to the atherogenic effects of chronic stress and for the protective effects of exercise.

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Lipoprotein lipase and the uptake of lipids by adipose cells during development

Cited by 13 publications

References 60 publications

Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Hyperinsulinemic Infants of Diabetic Mothers and in Large-for-Date Infants at Birth

Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Hyperinsulinemic Infants of Diabetic Mothers and in Large-for-Date Infants at Birth

Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Hyperinsulinemic Infants of Diabetic Mothers and in Large-for-Date Infants at Birth

Effects of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline on Clearance of Triacylglycerol‐rich Lipoproteins From Plasma: Studies With Chylomicron‐like Lipid Emulsions in Rats

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