Lipoprotein Oxidation and Modification

Miller, Yury I.; Tsimikas, Sotirios

doi:10.1016/b978-141605469-6.50012-3

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 209 publications

(184 reference statements)

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“…Oxidation and inflammation have become intimately associated in the pathophysiology of atherogenesis. 21 Statins are the drugs of choice in lowering LDL-C and non HDL-C. They act by inhibiting 3hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the rate limiting step in the cholesterol synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antiatherogenic effect of Alternanthera brasiliana Linn kuntz in rats on atherogenic diet

Choudhury

Devi

Borah

2019

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Background: Hypercholesterolaemia is a major risk factor for systemic atherosclerosis and a well-known etiological factor for cardiovascular diseases and its complications which is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. In a recent study, the antihyperlipidemic activity of dried leaves extract of Alternanthera brasiliana has been evaluated. Hence, the present study was undertaken to investigate the anti-atherosclerotic potential of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Alternanthera brasiliana L. Kuntz (MEAB) in high fat diet induced hypercholesterolemic rat model.Methods: Thirty (30) wistar albino rats of either sex were randomly divided into five groups: first two groups received normal diet and high fat diet respectively and the remaining three groups received high fat diet supplemented with methanolic extract of Alternanthera brasiliana (MEAB) administered orally daily at two different doses: 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg and Atorvastatin 10 mg/kg/day orally as standard respectively. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) was estimated after 12 weeks. Atherogenic index was calculated from the results of lipid profile. At the end, the aorta was removed for assessment of atherosclerotic plagues.Results: Our results showed that MEAB possessed significant cholesterol lowering potency as indicated by decrease in serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) accompanied by an increase in serum high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and reduces the atherosclerotic lesion of aorta (p <0.05).Conclusions: These results strongly suggests that MEAB can prevent the progress of atherosclerosis likely due to the effect of A. brasiliana on serum lipoproteins and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It could be a potential therapy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antiatherogenic effect of Alternanthera brasiliana Linn kuntz in rats on atherogenic diet

Choudhury

Devi

Borah

2019

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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“…Newly synthesized receptors migrate to the cell surface where they can bind LDL. However, within the tissue, the LDL particles become oxidized (OxLDL), and OxLDL may be integrally involved in plaque-forming and -destabilization [18]. Although cholesterol is an essential component of cell membranes and is also the precursor for steroid hormones and vitamin D, there is no obvious explanation for very high levels of LDL.…”

Section: Lipids and Dyslipidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Genetic Screening and Creating Awareness of Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Other Heritable Dyslipidemias in the Netherlands

Zuurbier

Defesche

Wiegman

2021

Genes

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The genetic screening program for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in the Netherlands, which was embraced by the Dutch Ministry of Health from 1994 to 2014, has led to twenty years of identification of at least 1500 FH cases per year. Although funding by the government was terminated in 2014, the approach had proven its effectiveness and had built the foundation for the development of more sophisticated diagnostic tools, clinical collaborations, and new molecular-based treatments for FH patients. As such, the community was driven to continue the program, insurance companies were convinced to collaborate, and multiple approaches were launched to find new index cases with FH. Additionally, the screening was extended, now also including other heritable dyslipidemias. For this purpose, a diagnostic next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel was developed, which not only comprised the culprit LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9 genes, but also 24 other genes that are causally associated with genetic dyslipidemias. Moreover, the NGS technique enabled further optimization by including pharmacogenomic genes in the panel. Using such a panel, more patients that are prone to cardiovascular diseases are being identified nowadays and receive more personalized treatment. Moreover, the NGS output teaches us more and more about the dyslipidemic landscape that is less straightforward than we originally thought. Still, continuous progress is being made that underlines the strength of genetics in dyslipidemia, such as discovery of alternative genomic pathogenic mechanisms of disease development and polygenic contribution.

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RAISED IgM AUTOANTIBODY TITER TO LIPOPROTEIDE(A) AS ANTIATHEROGENIC FACTOR IN SEVERE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA PATIENTS

et al. 2018

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Aim.To investigate on the relation of lipoproteide(a) (Lpa), subfractions of atherogenic lipoproteides and titers of specific autoantibodies (autoAb) with the presence and severity of carotid arteries (CA) lesion in statin-naïve patients with severe hypercholesterolemia.Materialandmethods.To the study, 133 statin-naïve patients included, age 18 to 75 y.o., with absent clinical signs of coronary heart disease, and with first time diagnosed severe hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol >7,5 mM/L and/or low density lipoproteides cholesterol >4,9 mM/L) with ultrasound duplex scan data of CA. All patients underwent measurement of Lpa concentration, lipid profile, subfractional content of apoB-100-containing lipoproteides and autoAb titer against them.Results.According to the data from duplex CA scan, patients were selected to 2 groups: control group (n=76) with no CA atherosclerosis; main group — patients with CA stenosis >20% (n=57). The participants of main group were older than controls, with no other clinical or lipid profile differences. Titre of autoAb IgM specific for Lpa and its oxidized modifications was significantly lower in CA atherosclerosis comparing to controls. The grade of CA stenosis in severe hypercholesterolemia patients positively correlated with age (r=0,24, p=0,005) and negatively — with autoAb IgM to apoB100-containing lipoproteides (r=-0,28 and r=-0,26, p<0,005). Also, a correlation found for CA stenosis grade with subfractions of intermediate density lipoproteides of moderate size (r=0,21, p=0,032). AutoAb titre against Lpa was an independent predictor of CA lesion severity regardless the age and traditional risk factors by the data from multifactorial regression. By ROCanalysis with the highest diagnostic value (square under AUC =0,68) the level of autoAb IgM to Lpa lower than 0,083 lab. units, with sensitivity 40% and specificity 88% is related to the lesion of common CA.Conclusion.In patients with severe hypercholesterolemia Lpa is an autoantigen, and IgM autoantibodies to Lpa play antiatherogenic role.

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Lipoprotein Oxidation and Modification

Cited by 4 publications

References 209 publications

Evaluation of antiatherogenic effect of Alternanthera brasiliana Linn kuntz in rats on atherogenic diet

Evaluation of antiatherogenic effect of Alternanthera brasiliana Linn kuntz in rats on atherogenic diet

Successful Genetic Screening and Creating Awareness of Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Other Heritable Dyslipidemias in the Netherlands

RAISED IgM AUTOANTIBODY TITER TO LIPOPROTEIDE(A) AS ANTIATHEROGENIC FACTOR IN SEVERE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA PATIENTS

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