Liposarcoma of oral cavity: Systematic review of cases reported to date and analysis of prognostic factors

Abstract

The aim of this study was to integrate the available data published on Liposarcomas (LPSs) of the oral cavity into an analysis of its clinical features, treatment modalities, and prognostic factors. An electronic search was undertaken in January 2019. The eligibility criteria included publications that had enough clinical and histological information to confirm the diagnosis. Forty‐five publications (104 LPSs) were included. The lesion was more prevalent in males from the fifth to seventh decades of life. Treatment (P = .03) and distant metastasis (P = .0001) were independently associated with survival. A lower possibility of recurrence was statistically associated with age (younger patients) (P = .03), tumor size (smaller than 2.8 cm) (P = .001), and treatment (radical surgery) (P = .04). LPS presents a good survival for patients after 5 years of follow‐up (66.4%). Patients who were treated with conservative surgery and presented with distant metastasis showed poor prognosis.

Metastatic myxoid liposarcoma to the tongue: a unique intraoral metastasis

“…Myxoid liposarcoma has a relatively good prognosis, with a five-year survival rate of 80–90%. In liposarcomas of the oral cavity, survival rates are calculated at 66.4% [ 8 ]. There is a high incidence of local recurrence of up to 33% [ 2 , 5 ].…”

“…Nodal metastases are rare with primary liposarcomas of the head and neck region, as well as with any type of primary liposarcoma [ 7 , 11 ]. A systematic review published on primary oral liposarcomas reported a 2% incidence of distal metastases [ 8 ].…”

“…The most common sites of primary intraoral liposarcomas are the tongue, cheek, and buccal mucosa. Reports have been published on cases affecting the floor of the mouth, lip, palate, and gingiva [ 8 , 12 ].…”

“…Pathological diagnosis of a liposarcoma in the head and neck region may be challenging for the histopathologist due to the rarity of this location. A wide differential diagnosis can be included; myxoma, myxosarcoma, myxofibrosarcoma, lipoma, or undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma [ 2 , 8 ]. In our case, the pathological specimen had all the typical characteristics of a myxoid liposarcoma, providing a definitive diagnosis for the patient.…”

“…Less than 1% of primary liposarcomas are located in the head and neck, and less than 0.3% are located in the oral region [ 3 , 5 ]. A recent systematic review gathered 104 primary liposarcomas of the oral cavity [ 5 – 8 ]. Even fewer reports of metastatic liposarcomas to the head and neck region have been published.…”