Liposome-based probes for molecular imaging: from basic research to the bedside

Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are among the most well-established modalities in the field of noninvasive medical imaging. Despite being powerful tools, both suffer from a number of limitations and often fall short when it comes to full delineation of pathological tissues. Since its conception, molecular imaging has been commonly utilized to further the understanding of disease progression, as well as monitor treatment efficacy. This has naturally led to the advancement of the field of targeted imaging. Targeted imaging research is currently dominated by ligand-modified contrast media for applications in MRI and CT imaging. Although a plethora of targeting ligands exist, a fine balance between their size and target binding efficiency must be considered. This review will focus on aptamer- and peptide-modified contrast agents, outlining selected formulations developed in recent years while highlighting the advantages offered by these targeting ligands.

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“…A review written by Xia et al outlines the design of these probes, geared toward clinical applications. 9 …”

Section: Nanocontrast Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Medical Imaging: Aptamer- and Peptide-Targeted MRI and CT Contrast Agents

Koudrina

DeRosa

2020

ACS Omega

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“…All liposomes destined for in vivo studies are often decorated with PEG units in order to limit their uptake by RES and to promote enhanced cellular uptake and accumulation in the target tissue. A review on the lipid compositions of different liposome-based probes utilized for in vivo applications indicated that these were mostly designed with DPPC, cholesterol and DSPE-PEG2k as the main components [ 337 ]. The molar ratio between DPPC and cholesterol in different formulations varied a lot albeit the DSPE-PEG2k ratio remained between 4–6%.…”

Section: Aspects Of 129 Xe Biosensor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The molar ratio between DPPC and cholesterol in different formulations varied a lot albeit the DSPE-PEG2k ratio remained between 4–6%. Notably, the DSPC- and HSPC-based formulations are more stable than DPPC-based ones under in vivo conditions while the EPC- and DOPC-based formulations are less stable due to their lower transition temperatures, respectively [ 337 ].…”

Section: Aspects Of 129 Xe Biosensor Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Sensing with Host Systems for Hyperpolarized 129Xe

Jayapaul

Schröder

2020

Molecules

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Hyperpolarized noble gases have been used early on in applications for sensitivity enhanced NMR. 129Xe has been explored for various applications because it can be used beyond the gas-driven examination of void spaces. Its solubility in aqueous solutions and its affinity for hydrophobic binding pockets allows “functionalization” through combination with host structures that bind one or multiple gas atoms. Moreover, the transient nature of gas binding in such hosts allows the combination with another signal enhancement technique, namely chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). Different systems have been investigated for implementing various types of so-called Xe biosensors where the gas binds to a targeted host to address molecular markers or to sense biophysical parameters. This review summarizes developments in biosensor design and synthesis for achieving molecular sensing with NMR at unprecedented sensitivity. Aspects regarding Xe exchange kinetics and chemical engineering of various classes of hosts for an efficient build-up of the CEST effect will also be discussed as well as the cavity design of host molecules to identify a pool of bound Xe. The concept is presented in the broader context of reporter design with insights from other modalities that are helpful for advancing the field of Xe biosensors.

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“…Liposome-based probes are currently under investigation to enhance SPECT and PET imaging in a range of diagnostic settings. For example, PS-containing liposomes of 100 or 200 nm (PS100 and PS200) were injected into Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits, scanned with SPECT and compared with CT images 48 h after injection ( Figure 2) [64].…”

Section: Nuclear Imaging (Pet and Spect)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach to the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis: the era of the liposome

Kiaie

Gorabi

Penson

et al. 2020

Drug Discovery Today

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Highlights  Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide.  Improved visualization of early atherosclerosis and better management of residual risk can reduce ASCVD burden.  Recent research has investigated the potential of biomaterials and nanomedicines in meeting this demand.  Liposomes have a wide range of applications in both imaging and treatment of atherosclerosis.  We review the scientific and clinical evidence relating to the use of liposomes in the context of ASCVD. Teaser: This review describes the experimental and clinical evidence for the use of liposomes in the diagnosis and management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The consequences of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) include myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and angina pectoris, which are major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite current therapeutic strategies to reduce risk, patients still experience the consequences of ASCVD. Consequently, a current goal is to enhance visualization of early atherosclerotic lesions to improve residual ASCVD risk. The uses of liposomes, in the context of ASCVD, can include as contrast agents for imaging techniques, as well as for the delivery of antiatherosclerotic drugs, genes, and cells to established sites of plaque. Additionally, liposomes have a role as vaccine adjuvants against mediators of atherosclerosis. Here. we review the scientific and clinical evidence relating to the use of liposomes in the diagnosis and management of ASCVD.

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Liposome-based probes for molecular imaging: from basic research to the bedside

Abstract: Molecular imaging is very important in disease diagnosis and prognosis.

Cited by 63 publications

References 93 publications

Advances in Medical Imaging: Aptamer- and Peptide-Targeted MRI and CT Contrast Agents

Advances in Medical Imaging: Aptamer- and Peptide-Targeted MRI and CT Contrast Agents

Molecular Sensing with Host Systems for Hyperpolarized 129Xe

A new approach to the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis: the era of the liposome

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