Liposome–skin interactions and their effects on the skin permeation of drugs

Kirjavainen, Merja; Urtti, Arto; Valjakka-Koskela, Riitta; Kiesvaara, Juha; Mönkkönen, Jukka

doi:10.1016/s0928-0987(98)00037-2

Cited by 137 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…After several successful exploratory findings (justifying lipid vesicular systems embodying ethanol in relatively high concentrations) Touitou coined term ''Ethosomes'' by combining ''ethanol'' and ''Somes'' (Figure 2). These findings were further supported by other reports such as Valjakka et al (1998) reported enhancement in percutaneous absorption of naproxen (Kirjavainen et al, 1999). Study of Caddeo et al (2013) showed that efficient capability of ethanolic vesicles in localizing the drug in the site of inflammation in contrast to conventional dosage forms, study of Ahad et al (2013) proved valsartan loaded ethosomes significantly superior in terms of drug release and increment in bioavailability (3.03 times higher) in contrast to conventional rigid liposomes and oral suspension of valsartan Delivering drug molecules into/across the skin, (b) penetration into stratum corneum and (c) acting as storage compartment for drug molecules.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Ethosomes: versatile vesicular carriers for efficient transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents

Pandey¹,

Golhani²,

Shukla³

2014

Drug Delivery

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Delivery across skin is attractive due to its easy accessibility. However, drug delivery across skin is still a challenge in biomedical sciences. Over the past few decades, various successful novel devices and techniques have emerged to optimize drug delivery across skin whose obstructing behavior constricts entry of most of the therapeutic agents. Inability of various conventional vesicular formulations, e.g. liposomes to pass through the tapered (430 nm) intercellular channels of stratum corneum, rendered invention of some lipid based vesicular carrier systems such as ethosomes which consist of phospholipid, ethanol and water. Ethosomes are noninvasive delivery carriers that enable drugs to reach the deep skin layers and/or the systemic circulation. In spite of their sophistication in conceptuality, they are exemplified by easiness in their preparation, safety and efficacy -a combination that can highly inflate their application. This review attempts to describe all aspects of ethosomes including roles and upshots of different excipients, various methods of preparation and characterizations, research reports on various drug deliveries, patent reports and future prospects.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Ethosomes: versatile vesicular carriers for efficient transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents

Pandey¹,

Golhani²,

Shukla³

2014

Drug Delivery

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“…It is generally accepted that for optimal dermal drug delivery into the skin, liposomes applied topically should be controlled for their physiochemical properties, such as vesicle size (Verma et al, 2003), drug entrapment efficiency, and lipid bilayer composition and elasticity/fluidity (Kirjavainen et al, 1999). Du Plessis et al (du Plessis et al, 1994) suggested that the intermediate vesicle size of 300 nm gave the best deposition of drug in the deeper skin layers, and the highest drug concentration in the reservoir.…”

Section: Optimization Of the Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and optimization of a new processing approach for manufacturing topical liposomes-in-hydrogel drug formulations by dual asymmetric centrifugation

Ingebrigtsen

Škalko‐Basnet

Holsæter

2016

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy

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Objectives: The objective of the present study was to utilize dual asymmetric centrifugation (DAC) as a novel processing approach for the production of liposomes-in-hydrogel formulations. Materials and Methods:Lipid films of phosphatidylcholine, with and without chloramphenicol (CAM), were hydrated and homogenized by DAC to produce liposomes in the form of vesicular phospholipid gels with a diameter in the size range of 200-300 nm suitable for drug delivery to the skin. Different homogenization processing parameters were investigated along with the effect of adding propylene glycol (PG) to the formulations prior to homogenization. The produced liposomes were incorporated into a hydrogel made of 2.5 % (v/v) soluble β-1,3/1,6-glucan (SBG) and mixed by DAC to achieve a homogenous liposomes-inhydrogel-formulation suitable for topical application.Results and Discussion: CAM-containing liposomes with a vesicle diameter of 282 ± 30 nm and polydispersity index (PI) of 0.13 ± 0.02 were successfully produced by DAC after 50 minutes centrifugation at 3500 rpm, and homogenously (< 4 % content variation) incorporated into the SBG hydrogel. Addition of PG decreased the necessary centrifugation time to 2 minutes and 55 seconds, producing liposomes of 230 ± 51 nm and PI of 0.25 ± 0.04. All formulations had an entrapment efficiency of approximately 50%. Conclusions:We managed to develop a relatively fast and reproducible new method for the production of liposomes-in-hydrogel formulation by DAC.

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“…This resulted in the soft and flexible characteristics of the elastic vesicles that enhanced the penetration of gallic acid in the semipurified fraction into the deeper layers of the skin. Ethanol may also fluidize the bilayer structure of SC (Kirjavainen et al, 1999) leading to the enhancement of gallic acid penetration. Generally, the local effects of many compounds such as antioxidative effect and side effects, for example, skin irritation are related to the compounds concentrations in the skin.…”

Section: Gel Formulations Containingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal absorption enhancement of gel containing elastic niosomes loaded with gallic acid fromTerminalia chebulagalls

Manosroi¹,

Jantrawut²,

Akazawa³

et al. 2011

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Liposome–skin interactions and their effects on the skin permeation of drugs

Cited by 137 publications

References 18 publications

Ethosomes: versatile vesicular carriers for efficient transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents

Ethosomes: versatile vesicular carriers for efficient transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents

Development and optimization of a new processing approach for manufacturing topical liposomes-in-hydrogel drug formulations by dual asymmetric centrifugation

Transdermal absorption enhancement of gel containing elastic niosomes loaded with gallic acid fromTerminalia chebulagalls

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