Liposomes – A Review

Singh, Avtar; Kumar, Srivastava Vikas; Gupta, Ashish

doi:10.46956/ijihd.vi.116

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…other DC voltage sources. Based on the resulting output wave, the inverter can be divided into 3 types, namely square wave, modified sine wave, and pure sine wave [14].…”

Section: Invertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Hybrid Electrical System Planning in the Research and Community Service Institute Building

Muzakkir,

Fitriah,

Arsyad

2023

TELECTRICAL

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This research plans a hybrid system in the LPPKM Untan building, comparing the energy and economic aspects of PLN and PLTS using monocrystal type solar panels with a capacity of 320 Wp, and finding the total needs and capacity of solar panels, batteries, SCC, inverters, and ATS. In the LPPKM building with an installed electrical power capacity of 23 kVA with a hybrid system will compare PLN and PLTS energy by 50% and 30% of the maximum daily power of 11.5 kW. Energy and economic analysis found that the most efficient PLTS energy cost to use, meeting and even exceeding the daily and monthly use of electric power in the LPPKM building is PLTS with a capacity of 50% (10,857.28 kWp / year) with cost savings of Rp. 15,486,877 kWp / year with a very high LCC value compared to using a capacity of 30% of the maximum power even though the LCC is low. The feasibility of investment made by the 50% capacity PLTS shows an NPV value of Rp. 28,394,341, -. PI = 1.16 and DPP value of 17 years. Indicating that the construction of PLTS in LPPKM is feasible by using a PLTS capacity of 50%.

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“…other DC voltage sources. Based on the resulting output wave, the inverter can be divided into 3 types, namely square wave, modified sine wave, and pure sine wave [14].…”

Section: Invertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Hybrid Electrical System Planning in the Research and Community Service Institute Building

Muzakkir,

Fitriah,

Arsyad

2023

TELECTRICAL

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“…The number of layers influences the liposome size from 20 nm to 1000 nm [9]. Based on size and lamellarity, liposomes are classified into several categories: small unilamellar vesicles (20-100 nm) [10], large unilamellar vesicles (>100 nm) [11,12] giant unilamellar vesicles (>1000 nm) [13,14], oligolamellar vesicles (100-1000 nm) [15,16], multilamellar large vesicles (>500 nm) [17,18] and multivesicular vesicles (>1000 nm) [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coating Materials to Increase the Stability of Liposomes

et al. 2023

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Liposomes carry various compounds with applications in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic fields, and the administration route is especially parenteral, oral, or transdermal. Liposomes are used to preserve and release the internal components, thus maintaining the properties of the compounds, the stability and shelf life of the encapsulated products, and their functional benefits. The main problem in obtaining liposomes at the industrial level is their low stability due to fragile phospholipid membranes. To increase the stability of liposomes, phospholipid bilayers have been modified or different coating materials have been developed and studied, both for liposomes with applications in the pharmaceutical field and liposomes in the food field. In the cosmetic field, liposomes need no additional coating because the liposomal formulation is intended to have a fast penetration into the skin. The aim of this review is to provide current knowledge regarding physical and chemical factors that influence stability, coating materials for liposomes with applications in the pharmaceutical and food fields to increase the stability of liposomes containing various sensitive compounds, and absorption of the liposomes and commercial liposomal products obtained through various technologies available on the market.

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“…Depending on the method of preparation, the properties of liposomes, their shape, size, stability and drug loading efficiency can be influenced [16]. They can have different sizes, ranging from a few nanometers to micrometers: multilamellar vesicles (MLV, >250 nm), large unilamellar vesicles (LUV, 100-250 nm), and small unilamellar vesicles (SUV, 20-100 nm) [17,18]. The most commonly used liposome preparation method is the thin-film hydration method [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomes with Caffeic Acid: Morphological and Structural Characterisation, Their Properties and Stability in Time

et al. 2021

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Medical and pharmaceutical research has shown that liposomes are very efficient in transporting drugs to targets. In this study, we prepared six liposome formulas, three in which we entrapped caffeic acid (CA), and three with only phospholipids and without CA. Determination of entrapment efficiency (EE) showed that regardless of the phospholipids used, the percentage of CA entrapment was up to 76%. The characterization of the liposomes was performed using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), zeta potential and polydispersity and showed that about 75–99% of the liposomes had dimensions between 40 ± 0.55–500 ± 1.45 nm. The size and zeta potential of liposomes were influenced by the type of phospholipid used to obtain them. CA release from liposomes was performed using a six-cell Franz diffusion system, and it was observed that the release of entrapped CA occurs gradually, the highest amount occurring in the first eight hours (over 80%), after which the release is much reduced. Additionally, the time stability of the obtained liposomes was analysed using univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. Therefore, liposomes offer great potential in CA entrapment.

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Liposomes – A Review

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Study of Hybrid Electrical System Planning in the Research and Community Service Institute Building

Study of Hybrid Electrical System Planning in the Research and Community Service Institute Building

Coating Materials to Increase the Stability of Liposomes

Liposomes with Caffeic Acid: Morphological and Structural Characterisation, Their Properties and Stability in Time

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