Lipoxygenase Inhibition by Plant Extracts

Lončarić, Melita; Strelec, Ivica; Moslavac, Tihomir; Šubarić, Drago; Pavić, Valentina; Molnar, Maja

doi:10.3390/biom11020152

Cited by 82 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…LOX catalyzes the hydro-peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are precursors for the C6 aldehydes, hexanal, and hexenal [ 42 ]. The increasing levels of pancreatic lipase in the human body may lead to pancreatic disorders and obesity by catalyzing the hydrolysis of triglycerides into fatty acids [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Stability and Inhibitory Action of Red Grape Skin Phytochemicals against Enzymes Associated with Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2022

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The present study focuses on heat-induced structural changes and the degradation kinetics of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of red grape skin extract. The thermal degradation of anthocyanins, flavonoids, polyphenols, and antioxidant activity followed a first-order kinetic model, increasing with temperature due to the intensification of the degradation process. The activation energy (Ea) highlighted this phenomenon. Likewise, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters certified the irreversible degradation of the bioactive compounds from the skin of the Băbească neagră grape variety. Both temperature and duration of heating had a significant impact on the content of bioactive compounds. In addition, the red grape skin extract inhibited certain enzymes such as α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase, and lipoxygenase, which are associated with metabolic syndrome and inflammation. Further knowledge on the possible inhibition mechanisms exerted by the major anthocyanins found in red grape skin extract on the metabolic syndrome-associated enzymes was gathered upon running molecular docking tests. Detailed analysis of the resulting molecular models revealed that malvidin 3-O-glucoside binds in the vicinity of the catalytic site of α-amylase and lipase, whereas no direct contact with catalytic amino acids was identified in the case of α-glucosidase and lipoxygenase.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Stability and Inhibitory Action of Red Grape Skin Phytochemicals against Enzymes Associated with Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2022

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“… 17 The enzymes are widely spread in animals, plant, and fungi and they are also present in the human body where they are involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes and play an important role in the stimulation of inflammatory reactions. 18 The LOX enzymes are associated with disease development and their inhibition is considered to be a crucial step in disease prevention. 19 In particular, the role of 15-LOX has been implicated in various inflammation-related diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Four Psilocybin-Containing Magic Mushroom Water Extracts in vitro on 15-Lipoxygenase Activity and on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 and Inflammatory Cytokines in Human U937 Macrophage Cells

Nkadimeng

Steinmann

Eloff

2021

JIR

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Purpose: During a pathological inflammation, macrophages are activated to produce accumulation of inflammatory mediators such as induced-cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 15lipoxygenase (15-LOX) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Pathological inflammation is a significant problem in many chronic diseases. As a result, more research into natural remedies with anti-inflammatory potential is crucial. Since ancient times, psilocybincontaining mushrooms, also known as magic mushrooms, were used for mind healing and also to advance the quality of life. However, not much is known about their antiinflammatory potential. This study aimed at investigating the anti-inflammatory effects of four psilocybin-containing mushrooms (Panaeolus cyanescens, Psilocybe natalensis, Psilocybe cubensis and Psilocybe cubensis leucistic A+ strain) from genus Panaeolus and Psilocybe for the first time in vitro on 15-LOX activity and also on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in human U937 macrophage cells. Methods: Mushrooms were grown and extracted with boiling hot water. Effects of the four water extracts on 15-LOX activity were determined. Confluent human U937 cells were differentiated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and treated with the hot-water extracts (25 and 50 µg/mL) 2 hours before being stimulated with 1 µg/mL LPS over 24 hours. Quercetin was used as a positive control. Control cells were differentiated but not LPS-induced nor treated. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 concentrations were measured. Levels of COX-2 and mitochondrial activity were also determined. Results: The four water extracts had poor 15-LOX inhibition activity with IC 50 > 250 µg/mL. Extracts were safe at the concentration studied and inhibited the LPS-induced production of proinflammatory mediators, TNF-α and IL-1β significantly and lowered IL-6 and COX-2 concentrations in treated human U937 macrophage cells. Water extracts also increased percentage viability of treated cells and levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 non-significantly. Conclusion:The study suggested that the hot-water extracts of the four psilocybincontaining magic mushrooms have potential anti-inflammatory effects executed by downregulating pro-inflammatory mediators.

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“…Lipoxygenase inhibition assay assesses the inhibitory action against 5‐LOX. Arachidonic acid is converted to eicosanoids and leukotriene B4 by LOX, which is combined with the generation of prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxane by cyclooxygenase at the start of the inflammatory process (Lončarić et al, 2021, 2020). These inflammatory mediators are accountable for eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages' strong chemo attractive actions, as well as macrophages and lymphocytes' enhanced release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lipoxygenase inhibition assay assesses the inhibitory action against 5-LOX. Arachidonic acid is converted to eicosanoids and leukotriene B4 by LOX, which is combined with the generation of prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxane by cyclooxygenase at the start of the inflammatory process (Lončarić et al, 2021(Lončarić et al, , 2020 (Njenga & Viljoen, 2006). Among the extracts, the triterpenes have shown good anti-lipoxygenase inhibition activity even in lower concentrations below 25 μg/ml.…”

Section: Lipid Peroxidation Staining In Zebrafish Larvaementioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐inflammatory role demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo models using nonsteroidal tetranortriterpenoid, Nimbin (N1) and its analogs (N2 and N3) that alleviate the domestication of alternative medicine

Sudhakaran

Prathap

Guru

et al. 2022

Cell Biology International

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Human health may benefit from the study of natural compounds and phytoconstituents that can protect from inflammation. We investigated Nimbin (N1), a member of the ring C Seco-tetranortriterpenoids family, and its semi-natural analog deacetyl Nimbin namely N2 and N3 for their anti-inflammatory properties. As key findings, N1, N2, and N3 were able to improve wound healing by cell proliferation in a period of 24 h and were able to reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells which were screened using dichlorodihydro fluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) staining. When the zebrafish larvae were subjected to DCF-DA assay N1, N2, and N3 were able to substantially reduce the ROS levels in a dose-dependent manner. In zebrafish larvae, the cell death indicates the fluorescent intensity due to acridine orange staining that was found to be dramatically decreasing upon the treatment of N1, N2, and N3. The cell membrane lipid peroxidation levels were also reduced in a dose-dependent manner upon the treatment of Nimbin and its analogs indicating lesser blue fluorescent levels. Among the Nimbin and its analogs, N2 was subjected to have better activity. To confirm the activity of N1, N2, and N3, in silico characterization was performed using Density functional theory and molecular docking. As a result, N2 exhibited the lowest

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Lipoxygenase Inhibition by Plant Extracts

Cited by 82 publications

References 62 publications

Thermal Stability and Inhibitory Action of Red Grape Skin Phytochemicals against Enzymes Associated with Metabolic Syndrome

Thermal Stability and Inhibitory Action of Red Grape Skin Phytochemicals against Enzymes Associated with Metabolic Syndrome

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Four Psilocybin-Containing Magic Mushroom Water Extracts in vitro on 15-Lipoxygenase Activity and on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 and Inflammatory Cytokines in Human U937 Macrophage Cells

Anti‐inflammatory role demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo models using nonsteroidal tetranortriterpenoid, Nimbin (N1) and its analogs (N2 and N3) that alleviate the domestication of alternative medicine

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