Liprin-α and Assembly of the Synaptic Cytomatrix ☆

Miller, Keith; Chou, Vivian T.; Vactor, David Van

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809324-5.02406-8

Cited by 1 publication

(6 citation statements)

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“…Subsequent correlated timelapse light and ultrastructural studies in flies have shown that these immature "ghost" boutons are highly transient, as AZ precursors and SV docking become visible within minutes. Postsynaptic specializations are slower to form however with some components taking hours to arrive and fully accumulate [120,121]. These processes of bouton addition and maturation can still be observed in cut axons, albeit at a lower frequency than in intact preparations, indicating local machinery is sufficient to support at least some level of synaptic expansion in the absence of protein synthesis [119].…”

Section: Rapid Initiation Of Presynaptic Az Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Early Az Assembly: Syd-1 Liprin-α and Unc-13mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to Syd-1, the Liprin family member Liprinα is highly conserved across metazoans, with~50% similarity between the human and C. elegans homologs, and is widely expressed in many tissues in addition to the nervous system [121,156]. Liprin-α has been wellcharacterized in the presynaptic compartment, and interestingly, has also been found to have a highly abundant postsynaptic expression, likely indicating postsynaptic roles [121,156]. Structurally, Liprin-α contains an N-terminal coiled-coil region that mediates homo-and hetero-multimerization and an C-terminal Liprin homology (LH) region containing three SAM (sterile-α-motif) domains [120,157,158].…”

Section: Early Az Assembly: Syd-1 Liprin-α and Unc-13mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Structurally, Liprin-α contains an N-terminal coiled-coil region that mediates homo-and hetero-multimerization and an C-terminal Liprin homology (LH) region containing three SAM (sterile-α-motif) domains [120,157,158]. The SAM domains of the LH region, in particular, are thought to mediate the interactions of Liprin-α with Syd-1 and at least a dozen other proteins involved in synaptic development and/or function [121,156]. Indeed, Liprin-α was first identified from its interactions with a member of the LAR-RPTPs, including vertebrate LAR, PTPδ, and PTPσ [157,158]; while these initial observations were at the focal adhesions of non-neuronal cells, studies of LAR as well as Liprin-α have since focused on their diverse functions in the nervous system.…”

Section: Early Az Assembly: Syd-1 Liprin-α and Unc-13mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dlg is also necessary for clustering of GluRIIB-containing receptors [233], while vertebrate PSD-95 regulates the clustering of NMDA receptors [234]. While Dlg is most abundant in the postsynaptic SSR, it is also present at lower levels in the presynaptic AZ [235], similar to the distribution of Liprin-α [121,156].…”

Section: The Postsynaptic Cytomatrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synapse development and maturation at the drosophila neuromuscular junction

2020

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Synapses are the sites of neuron-to-neuron communication and form the basis of the neural circuits that underlie all animal cognition and behavior. Chemical synapses are specialized asymmetric junctions between a presynaptic neuron and a postsynaptic target that form through a series of diverse cellular and subcellular events under the control of complex signaling networks. Once established, the synapse facilitates neurotransmission by mediating the organization and fusion of synaptic vesicles and must also retain the ability to undergo plastic changes. In recent years, synaptic genes have been implicated in a wide array of neurodevelopmental disorders; the individual and societal burdens imposed by these disorders, as well as the lack of effective therapies, motivates continued work on fundamental synapse biology. The properties and functions of the nervous system are remarkably conserved across animal phyla, and many insights into the synapses of the vertebrate central nervous system have been derived from studies of invertebrate models. A prominent model synapse is the Drosophila melanogaster larval neuromuscular junction, which bears striking similarities to the glutamatergic synapses of the vertebrate brain and spine; further advantages include the simplicity and experimental versatility of the fly, as well as its century-long history as a model organism. Here, we survey findings on the major events in synaptogenesis, including target specification, morphogenesis, and the assembly and maturation of synaptic specializations, with a emphasis on work conducted at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction.

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Section: Rapid Initiation Of Presynaptic Az Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%