Let M be an Alexandrov space collapsing to an Alexandrov space X of lower dimension. Suppose X has no proper extremal subsets and let F denote a regular fiber. We slightly improve the result of Perelman to construct an infinitely long exact sequence of homotopy groups and a spectral sequence of cohomology groups for the pair (M, X, F ). The proof is an application of the good coverings of Alexandrov spaces introduced by Mitsuishi-Yamaguchi. We also extend this result to each primitive extremal subset of X.