Liquefied Natural Gas for Trucks and Buses

Wegrzyn, James; Gurevich, Michael

doi:10.4271/2000-01-2210

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The transport sector in the EU countries in 2009 was responsible for 20% of all emissions. One of the most obvious advantages of LNG as a fuel is visible if environmental considerations are taken into account [8,12,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. The European Union encourages the development of alternative fuels to reduce carbon footprint [34].…”

Section: Ecological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Switch to LNG in Heavy Truck Traffic

et al. 2019

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Liquefied natural gas (LNG) use as a fuel in road and maritime traffic has increased rapidly, and it is slowly entering railroad traffic as well. The trend was pushed by the state administrations of mainly EU countries and international organizations seeing LNG as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to diesel. Different infrastructural projects for the widespread use of LNG in transport have been launched around the world. The main goal of this paper was to analyze use of LNG as a fuel for heavy trucks. Different aspects of LNG chain were analyzed along with economical and ecological benefits of LNG application. Filling stations network for LNG were described for the purpose of comparative analysis of diesel and LNG heavy trucks. Conclusion has shown that using LNG as propellant fuel has numerous advantages over the use of conventional fuels. The higher initial investment of the LNG road vehicles could be amortized in their lifetime use, and in the long-term they are more affordable than the classic diesel vehicles. In addition to cost-effectiveness, LNG road vehicles reduce CO2 emissions. Therefore, the environmental goals in transport, not only of the member states but worldwide, could not be met without LNG in heavy truck traffic.

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Section: Ecological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Switch to LNG in Heavy Truck Traffic

et al. 2019

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“…The accelerated development of the world's economy and the growing concern regarding environmental pollution has led to a considerable increase in demand for liquefied natural gas (LNG) [1][2][3][4]. To meet this demand, several types of LNG offshore plants and carriers have been developed that are now operating over the world [5,6]. The primary part of ships and offshore structures are weld joints [7] due to their ease of use and dependability [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Predictions of Cryogenic Leakages in Welded Steel Plates

et al. 2023

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This study presented experimental and numerical research to investigate the effect of cryogenic leakage on a plate structure of AH36-grade steel containing welded joints. To simulate the cryogenic leakage conditions, the welded plate was exposed to a temperature of −196 °C by supplying liquid nitrogen (LN2) to the center of the steel plate. The time-dependent temperature history and strain variation were measured by using thermocouples and strain gauges attached to the plate surface. Additionally, the residual stress of the middle surface section before and after the cryogenic leakage process was measured by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). A three-dimensional finite element model was created with the use of a commercial finite element analysis (FEA) program to simulate the flux-cored arc welding process and cryogenic leakage process. The steel surface temperature dropped sharply and reached approximately −196 °C at 160 s after LN2 supplement. After the first 650 s of the LN2 leakage experiment, the outside of the trough reached approximately −75 °C and −25 °C, depending on the location of the thermal couples. Although there was a relative difference in the results, the experiment and numerical simulation results for temperature and stress distribution showed good agreement. The results could be utilized in the ship design stage adopting welded structures as a basic database.

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“…There will be immense economic and environmental benefits if even 10% of the transportation energy from petroleum can come from LNG. Natural gas consumption in the United States is expected to exceed 33 tcf/year by 2020, increasing from 22 tcf/year in 1997 [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of temperature and pressure changes in liquefied natural gas (LNG) cryogenic tanks

2004

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Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is being developed as a transportation fuel for heavy vehicles such as trucks and transit buses, to lessen the dependency on oil and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The LNG stations are properly designed to prevent the venting of natural gas (NG) from LNG tanks, which can cause evaporative greenhouse gas emissions and result in fluctuations of fuel flow and changes of fuel composition. Boil-off is caused by the heat added into the LNG fuel during the storage and fueling. Heat can leak into the LNG fuel through the shell of tank during the storage and through hoses and dispensers during the fueling. Gas from tanks onboard vehicles, when returned to LNG tanks, can add additional heat into the LNG fuel. A thermodynamic and heat transfer model has been developed to analyze different mechanisms of heat leak into the LNG fuel. The evolving of properties and compositions of LNG fuel inside LNG tanks is simulated. The effect of a number of buses fueled each day on the possible total fuel loss rate has been analyzed. It is found that by increasing the number of buses, fueled each day, the total fuel loss rate can be reduced significantly. It is proposed that an electric generator be used to consume the boil-off gas or a liquefier be used to re-liquefy the boiloff gas to reduce the tank pressure and eliminate fuel losses. These approaches can prevent boil-off of natural gas emissions, and reduce the costs of LNG as transportation fuel.

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Liquefied Natural Gas for Trucks and Buses

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Fuel Switch to LNG in Heavy Truck Traffic

Fuel Switch to LNG in Heavy Truck Traffic

Experimental and Numerical Predictions of Cryogenic Leakages in Welded Steel Plates

Analysis of temperature and pressure changes in liquefied natural gas (LNG) cryogenic tanks

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