Liquid Biopsies for Molecular Biology-Based Radiotherapy

Blomain, Erik; Moding, Everett J.

doi:10.3390/ijms222011267

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 171 publications

(187 reference statements)

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“…Specifically, mutations in DNA repair genes like those in the BRCA1/2 pathways may increase tumor sensitivity to radiotherapy, enhancing treatment efficacy. Blomain et al 77 conducted research to identify ctDNA variations correlating with radiotherapy responses, suggesting ctDNA-based adjustment of therapy intensity could optimize outcomes and reduce toxicity. Liquid biopsy, by analyzing ctDNA, offers a method for continuous monitoring of tumor genetic diversity and the evolution of radiation-resistant subclones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Based on Cell-Free DNA Methylation

Gao,

Zhou,

Liu

2024

Cancer Control

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Background: Ovarian cancer stands as the deadliest malignant tumor within the female reproductive tract. As a result of the absence of effective diagnostic and monitoring markers, 75% of ovarian cancer cases are diagnosed at a late stage, leading to a mere 50% survival rate within five years. The advancement of molecular biology is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. Methods: A review of several randomized clinical trials, focusing on the ovarian cancer, was undertaken. The advancement of molecular biology and diagnostic methods related to accurate diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer were examined. Results: Liquid biopsy is an innovative method of detecting malignant tumors that has gained increasing attention over the past few years. Cell-free DNA assay-based liquid biopsies show potential in delineating tumor status heterogeneity and tracking tumor recurrence. DNA methylation influences a multitude of biological functions and diseases, especially during the initial phases of cancer. The cell-free DNA methylation profiling system has emerged as a sensitive and non-invasive technique for identifying and detecting the biological origins of cancer. It holds promise as a biomarker, enabling early screening, recurrence monitoring, and prognostic evaluation of cancer. Conclusions: This review evaluates recent advancements and challenges associated with cell-free DNA methylation analysis for the diagnosis, prognosis monitoring, and assessment of therapeutic responses in the management of ovarian cancers, aiming to offer guidance for precise diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Based on Cell-Free DNA Methylation

Gao,

Zhou,

Liu

2024

Cancer Control

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“…Although half of patients with cancer receive radiotherapy 12 , the effect of radiotherapy on tumor evolution remains to be de ned 13 . Mechanistically, radiotherapy is lethal to cells by causing dosedependent double-stranded DNA breaks which lead to mitotic catastrophe 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of clonal evolution over time in human tumors is limited by the availability of tumor tissue from multiple time points and errors from sampling a single region. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) released from tumor cells during cell division and death can be non-invasively and longitudinally analyzed, providing a unique insight into the heterogeneous genetic landscape across an individual patient's cancer 13,31 . Previous studies have applied ctDNA analysis to track tumor evolution during progression and in response to systemic therapy [32][33][34][35][36][37] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary pressures shape soft tissue sarcoma development and radiotherapy response

Blomain,

Soudi,

Somani

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Evolutionary pressures play a key role in tumorigenesis, progression, and response to therapy. However, the selection pressures and subclonal dynamics of soft tissue sarcomas during their natural history remain to be defined. Additionally, although radiotherapy plays a crucial role in obtaining local control for many solid tumors, the effect of radiation on tumor evolution has been challenging to study due to a lack of longitudinal tumor samples before and after treatment. We integrated temporal genomic profiling of 120 spatially distinct tumor regions from 20 patients with pleomorphic sarcomas, longitudinal circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis, in silico tumor simulation, and evolutionary biology computational pipelines to study sarcoma evolution both during tumorigenesis and in response to radiotherapy. We found that the majority of unirradiated sarcomas displayed initial linear evolution followed by subsequent branching evolution with distinct mutational processes during early and late sarcoma development. We observed evidence of strong selection pressures during sarcoma development with further selection for resistant subclonal populations during radiotherapy using metrics of genetic divergence between regions. We demonstrated dramatic changes in subclone abundance following radiotherapy with subclone contraction tied to alterations in calcium signaling. Finally, ctDNA analysis accurately measured tumor subclone abundance and enabled non-invasive longitudinal monitoring of subclonal changes. These results highlight the natural history of soft tissue sarcomas and suggest that targeting resistant subclonal populations could improve outcomes in patients treated with radiotherapy.

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Cancer‐on‐Chip and Integrative Tumor Microenvironment Sensor Technologies for Progressing Precision Radiotherapy

Dey,

Kinoshita,

Puttick

et al. 2024

Advanced Sensor Research

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Precision radiotherapy, such as targeted radioligand therapy, accentuates the precise delivery of radiation to tumor cells while limiting radiation damage to surrounding normal cells. Although recent clinical trial data has shown targeted radioligand therapy to have significant patient survival benefit, it is still unavoidable that the cancer cells will eventually adapt and develop radioresistance. Thus, the study of radiotherapy‐induced changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial for developing strategies to best overcome radioresistance. To this end, organ‐on‐chip (OOC) systems with integrative sensors represent cutting‐edge pre‐clinical models for miniaturized 3D modelling and profiling of the TME. This Review features OOC systems which have demonstrated feasibility for radiation‐associated studies, as well as showcased the progress of different OOC systems for profiling core components of the TME. Furthermore, this Review discusses the knowledge gap in cancer‐on‐chip systems with integrative TME sensors for precision radiotherapy applications. It is anticipated that this Review can kickstart the propagation of new concepts and approaches to drive a new era of miniaturized sensors on OOC systems for precision radiotherapy.

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Liquid Biopsies for Molecular Biology-Based Radiotherapy

Cited by 7 publications

References 171 publications

Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Based on Cell-Free DNA Methylation

Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Based on Cell-Free DNA Methylation

Evolutionary pressures shape soft tissue sarcoma development and radiotherapy response

Cancer‐on‐Chip and Integrative Tumor Microenvironment Sensor Technologies for Progressing Precision Radiotherapy

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