Liquid biopsy by analysis of circulating myeloma cells and cell-free nucleic acids: a novel noninvasive approach of disease evaluation in multiple myeloma

Li, Shuchan; Zhang, Enfan; Zhang, Cai

doi:10.1186/s40364-023-00469-6

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Since then, it has been established that the concentration of cfDNA is elevated in cancer patients [35]. In addition, the use of different sequencing techniques, ranging from targeted identification of patient-specific rearrangements of immunoglobulin variable regions to genome-wide analysis with an untargeted approach, allows for the detection of cancer-derived, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) [36]. The concentration of ctDNA and the tumor fraction (percentage of ctDNA in cfDNA) correlate with the disease stage in plasma cell dyscrasias, being higher in multiple myeloma patients compared with individuals with smoldering myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance [37].…”

Section: Circulating Tumor Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurable residual disease in peripheral blood in myeloma: dream or reality

Kubicki,

Derman,

Dytfeld

et al. 2023

Current Opinion in Oncology

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Purpose of review Therapeutic advancements in multiple myeloma have led to increasingly deeper and more durable responses, creating a need for highly sensitive and applicable techniques for measurable residual disease (MRD) assessment. Bone marrow assays can deeply assess for MRD, but it is not conducive to performing frequent and dynamic evaluations, which may be needed for MRD-adapted treatment approaches. Recently, numerous techniques for MRD assessment in peripheral blood have come under investigation, and their integration into routine clinical practice is eagerly anticipated. Recent findings The identification of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), evaluation of cell-free DNA, and measuring monoclonal protein concentration with mass spectrometry are promising research areas for assessing myeloma in peripheral blood. CTCs assessment and cell-free DNA may carry prognostic significance, but they lack the sensitivity of bone marrow-based techniques. Mass spectrometry has already been implemented in clinical practice in certain centers, but its full potential has yet to be fully realized. This review focuses on recent developments in these fields, emphasizing the potential future roles of these assessments. Summary MRD assessment in peripheral blood is still in the development stage but holds promise for not only complementing bone marrow based evaluations but also potential for improving sensitivity.

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Section: Circulating Tumor Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurable residual disease in peripheral blood in myeloma: dream or reality

Kubicki,

Derman,

Dytfeld

et al. 2023

Current Opinion in Oncology

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“…Overall, liquid biopsies may provide a dynamic and comprehensive picture of the genomic landscape in MM and, even more, a non-invasive approach to monitor tumor burden. However, these methods are still novel and demand further research, especially when comparing results with matched BM assessments [137,138]. Therefore, the implementation of liquid biopsies for MM requires validation and harmonization of the assays [123].…”

Section: Overall Comparison Of Contemporary Mrd Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimal Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Past, Present, and Future

Medina-Herrera

Sarasquete

Jiménez

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Responses to treatment have improved over the last decades for patients with multiple myeloma. This is a consequence of the introduction of new drugs that have been successfully combined in different clinical contexts: newly diagnosed, transplant-eligible or ineligible patients, as well as in the relapsed/refractory setting. However, a great proportion of patients continue to relapse, even those achieving complete response, which underlines the need for updated response criteria. In 2014, the international myeloma working group established new levels of response, prompting the evaluation of minimal residual disease (MRD) for those patients already in complete or stringent complete response as defined by conventional serological assessments: the absence of tumor plasma cells in 100,000 total cells or more define molecular and immunophenotypic responses by next-generation sequencing and flow cytometry, respectively. In this review, we describe all the potential methods that may be used for MRD detection based on the evidence found in the literature, paying special attention to their advantages and pitfalls from a critical perspective.

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“…CTPCs are released from the primary tumor or metastatic sites into the bloodstream and are responsible for dissemination and extramedullary disease. CfDNA consists of degraded DNA fragments released into the circulation from tumor cells and is molecularly distinct in total extracellular DNA [98]. It has been demonstrated that CTPC can be detected in up to 80-90% of newly diagnosed patients and even in 100% of patients at MM relapse [99,100].…”

Section: Peripheral Blood Techniques For Mrd Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of flow cytometric measurable residual disease assessment in multiple myeloma

2023

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Despite the high rates of complete response achieved with current treatments, patients with multiple myeloma (MM) continue to relapse due to the presence of minute amounts of residual MM cells. These are referred to as "minimal" or "measurable" residual disease (MRD).As conventional serological and morphological techniques have become suboptimal for evaluating the depth of response, high sensitivity methods, next-generation flow (NGF) cytometry and next-generation sequencing are recommended in MRD assessment in the bone marrow. Under optimal conditions, these methods can detect one MM cell among 1,000,000 normal cells (a sensitivity of 10 -6 ). Furthermore, imaging techniques, particularly positron emission tomography-computed tomography, have an important role to play in MRD assessment outside of the bone marrow, and alternative blood-based methods for MRD assessment are under investigation. There is a growing consensus that MRD is the most relevant prognostic factor in MM, and achieving a negative MRD status significantly prolongs progression-free survival and overall survival. This review examines the various methods used to detect MRD, including methodological aspects of NGF. It also presents considerations for implementing MRD as a surrogate biomarker to accelerate drug development and guide MM therapy.

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Liquid biopsy by analysis of circulating myeloma cells and cell-free nucleic acids: a novel noninvasive approach of disease evaluation in multiple myeloma

Cited by 6 publications

References 114 publications

Measurable residual disease in peripheral blood in myeloma: dream or reality

Measurable residual disease in peripheral blood in myeloma: dream or reality

Minimal Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Past, Present, and Future

Role of flow cytometric measurable residual disease assessment in multiple myeloma

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