Liquid chromatographic determination of morpholine and its thermal breakdown products in steam-water cycles at nuclear power plants

Lamarre, Claude; Gilbert, Roland; Gendron, André

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(01)93969-x

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Quantitation was performed using calibration curves. Additional details on the analytical methods and the preconcentration techniques used are given in Gilbert et al (1984Gilbert et al ( , 1986Gilbert et al ( and 1987 and Lamarre et al (1989).…”

Section: Reactor Vessel Am> Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sodium ions appearing in Figure 3, evaluated at approximately 0.5 p@L, came from the water used to prepare the solutions and had no effect on the reaction studied. Products with a retention time (Tr) of between 0 and 10 min in Figure 4 are relevant to the reagent used for pre-column derivatization; those with a Tr of 40 to 45 min were not identified (Lamarre et al, 1989). Under the analytical conditions of Table 5 presents the material balances for carbon and nitrogen resulting from the morpholine decomposition tests performed at the maximum operating temperature of CANDU-PHW steam-water cycles (260'C).…”

Section: Breakwwn Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It would therefore be normal to find traces of diethanolamine in the reaction mixtures of morpholine at 260°C but examination of all the degraded-morpholine solutions by HPIC analysis revealed the absence of diethanolamine (according to a detection limit of 0.5 WOW), contrary to what was proposed in the literature (Samuel, 1960;Dauvois et al, 1986). On the For details see Gilbert et al, 1986,1987and Lamarre et al, 1989. other hand, scission of the C-N bond was confiied by the fact that all the reaction mixtures contained appreciable amounts of 2-(2-aminoethoxy) ethanol.…”

Section: Breakwwn Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal stability of morpholine additive in the steam‐water cycle of CANDU‐PHW nuclear power plants

Gilbert

Lamarre

1989

Can J Chem Eng

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The thermal decomposition of morpholine, an additive used in the steam‐water cycles of nuclear power plants, was studied using a laboratory high‐pressure reactor. The measured decomposition rate constants are 2.67, 8.73 and 21.25 × 10−7 s−1 at 260, 280 and 300°C respectively. The kinetics were found to be first‐order and the activation energy was 131.9 kJ/mol. Ammonia, ethanolamine, 2‐(2‐aminoethoxy) ethanol, methylamine, ethylamine, ethylene glycol, and acetic and glycolic acids were identified as the major breakdown products. The decomposition route proposed was validated in the field by tracking these breakdown products in water samples taken at Gentilly 2 power plant.

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Section: Reactor Vessel Am> Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Breakwwn Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Breakwwn Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal stability of morpholine additive in the steam‐water cycle of CANDU‐PHW nuclear power plants

Gilbert

Lamarre

1989

Can J Chem Eng

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“…Several analytical techniques have been presented for the assessment of MOR in fruit, juices, drugs, and other materials such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), , liquid chromatography, , gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), , gas chromatography (GC), − and electroanalytical methods. , Interestingly, no spectrofluorometric method was found for the determination of MOR. Therefore, in the present study, we presented an innovative spectrofluorometric avenue for assaying MOR in the pericarp of orange and apple fruit specimens as well as in human urine samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Fuchsin Dye as the First Fluorophore for Optical Sensing of Morpholine in Fruits Crust and Urine Samples

Essawy,

Alsohaimi,

Hassan

et al. 2023

Anal. Chem.

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In this work, basic fuchsin (BF) dyestuff was presented as the first optical sensor used for the spectrofluorimetric assessment of morpholine (MOR) where BF exhibits morpholine-sensing behavior. The developed fluorimetric avenue is sensitive, facile, selective, and validated for assaying the sensitizing influence of MOR on the BF fluorescence in an aprotic dioxane solvent. Parameters like solvents, BF concentration, order, and time of addition that influence the fluorescence intensity of the probing system were addressed. Optimizing the analytical methodology revealed a linear fluorescence sensitization within the addition of MOR in the two concentration ranges of 5 × 10 −9 to 1.0 × 10 −7 mol L −1 and 2.0 × 10 −7 to 3 × 10 −6 mol L −1 . The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were estimated to be 2.0 × 10 −9 mol L −1 (0.17 ng mL −1 ) and 6.66 × 10 −9 mol L −1 (0.567 ng mL −1 ), respectively. High levels of accuracy and precision are achieved when assaying spiked MOR either in pure solutions or samples of fruit peel extract and human urine. Moreover, the green character and practicality/applicability of the method were evaluated by AGREE and BAGI metric tools. These merit outcomes provide insights into the development of fluorescent sensors for MOR detection using fluorescent dyes and meet the Food and Drug Administration's requirements for morpholine detection in real-life applications.

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“…In recent years, numerous studies have reported various analytical methods for qualitative and quantitative estimation of morpholine. These analytical methods employed various available analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography (GC) [ 15 – 17 ], gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [ 18 ], gas-liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GLC-MS) [ 19 ], liquid chromatography (LC) [ 20 ], ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) [ 21 ], hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-ESI-MS/MS) [ 22 ], and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) [ 14 ]. However, these published methods have different disadvantages, such as tedious operation steps [ 14 ] and high cost [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Method for Rapid Determination of Morpholine in Juices and Drugs by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Cao

Zhang

Feng

et al. 2018

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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A reliable derivatization method has been developed to detect and quantify morpholine in apple juices and ibuprofen with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Morpholine can react with sodium nitrite under acidic condition to produce stable and volatile N-nitrosomorpholine derivative. In this experiment, various factors affecting the derivatization and extraction process were optimized, including volume and concentration of hydrochloric acid, quantity of sodium nitrite, derivatization temperature, derivatization time, extraction reagents, and extraction time. The derivative was extracted with dichloromethane and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The linearity range of morpholine was 10–500 μg·L−1 with good correlation, and limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were 7.3 μg·L−1 and 24.4 μg·L−1, respectively. Low, medium, and high concentrations of morpholine were added in apple juices and ibuprofen samples to evaluate standard recovery rate and relative standard deviation. The spiked recovery rate ranged from 94.3% to 109.0%, and the intraday repeatability and interday reproducibility were 2.0%–4.4% and 3.3%–7.0%, respectively. The developed method has good accuracy and precision. This quantitative method for morpholine is simple, sensitive, rapid, and low cost and can successfully be applied to analyze the residual morpholine in apple juices and drug samples.

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Liquid chromatographic determination of morpholine and its thermal breakdown products in steam-water cycles at nuclear power plants

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Thermal stability of morpholine additive in the steam‐water cycle of CANDU‐PHW nuclear power plants

Thermal stability of morpholine additive in the steam‐water cycle of CANDU‐PHW nuclear power plants

Basic Fuchsin Dye as the First Fluorophore for Optical Sensing of Morpholine in Fruits Crust and Urine Samples

Development of a Method for Rapid Determination of Morpholine in Juices and Drugs by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

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