Liquid chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric identification of chlorophyll b allomers

Hyvärinen, Kristiina; Hynninen, Paavo H.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00059-x

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In some treatments (most noticeably in those using DMSO), formation of these products did not compensate for the overall loss of pigments, indicating the involvement of other degradation processes. These effects have been described by other authors in acetonic extractions (Hyvärinen and Hynninen 1999;van Leeuwe et al 2006) in which pigments degradation is lower than in other solvents such as methanol, but chlorophyll transformation into allomers and epimers cannot be completely prevented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Alternative methods for sampling and preservation of photosynthetic pigments and tocopherols in plant material from remote locations

et al. 2009

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Current methods for the study of pigments involve freezing in liquid nitrogen and storage at -80 degrees C or lyophilization until HPLC analysis. These requirements greatly restrict ecophysiological research in remote areas where such resources are hardly available. We aimed to overcome such limitations by developing several techniques not requiring freezing or lyophilization. Two species with contrasting foliar characteristics (Olea europaea and Taraxacum officinale) were chosen. Seven preservation methods were designed, optimized and tested in a field trial. These protocols were compared with a control immediately frozen after collection. Pigments and tocopherols were analysed by HPLC. Main artefacts were chlorophyll epimerization or phaeophytinization, carotenoid isomerization, altered de-epoxidation index and tocopherol degradation. Among all methods, sample desiccation in silica gel provides robust samples (pigment composition was unaffected by storage time or temperature) and almost unaltered pigment profiles, except for a shift in epoxidation state. Although liquid nitrogen freezing and subsequent lyophilization or freezer storage were preferred, when these facilities are either not available or not suitable for long-distance transport, desiccation with silica gel, passive extraction in acetone and/or storage of fresh samples in water vapour saturated atmospheres enable a complete pigment characterization. Silica gel is advisable for long-term sample conservation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Alternative methods for sampling and preservation of photosynthetic pigments and tocopherols in plant material from remote locations

et al. 2009

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“…Large amounts of TNF-α are released in response to bacterial products such as LPS [11,12]. TNF-α is also known to activate NF-κB, MAPK pathway, and to some extent, apoptotic pathway [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chlorophylls and pheophytins were separated using normal phase silica gel column chromatography based on a modified procedure of Harborne [4,5]. One milliliter of the extract was adsorbed over 2.5 g silica gel and applied over silica gel column (2.5×40 cm, silica gel 60-120, Merck, 80 g).…”

Section: Extraction Of Chlorophylls and Pheophytinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorophyll Revisited: Anti-inflammatory Activities of Chlorophyll a and Inhibition of Expression of TNF-α Gene by the Same

et al. 2011

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In view of the folklore use of green leaves to treat inflammation, the anti-inflammatory property of chlorophylls and their degradation products were studied. Chlorophyll a and pheophytin a (magnesium-free chlorophyll a) from fresh leaves showed potent anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice and formalin-induced paw edema in rats. Chlorophyll a inhibited bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α (a pro-inflammatory cytokine) gene expression in HEK293 cells, but it did not influence the expression of inducible nitric acid synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 genes. Chlorophyll b only marginally inhibited both inflammation and TNF-α gene expression. But both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b showed the same level of marginal inhibition on 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate-induced NF-κB activation. Chlorophylls and pheophytins showed in vitro anti-oxidant activity. The study shows that chlorophyll a and its degradation products are valuable and abundantly available anti-inflammatory agents and promising for the development of phytomedicine or conventional medicine to treat inflammation and related diseases.

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“…Typical mass fragmentation of chlorin e6 and related chlorins is well-documented in the literature [22][23][24]. In the majority of cases, formation of fragment ions is accompanied by chlorin decarboxylation, and loss of carboxyalkyl and hydroxyl groups.…”

Section: Identification Of Impuritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of impurities in chlorin e6

Isakau¹,

Трухачева²

2007

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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Liquid chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric identification of chlorophyll b allomers

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

Alternative methods for sampling and preservation of photosynthetic pigments and tocopherols in plant material from remote locations

Alternative methods for sampling and preservation of photosynthetic pigments and tocopherols in plant material from remote locations

Chlorophyll Revisited: Anti-inflammatory Activities of Chlorophyll a and Inhibition of Expression of TNF-α Gene by the Same

Isolation and identification of impurities in chlorin e6

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